Lecture 5 - Floodplains

Question 1

Connectivity (3):

Answer 1

• Hyporheic
• Floodplain
• Wetlands

Question 2

Connectivity (Hyporheic):

Answer 2

River <—-> Groundwater

Question 3

Connectivity (Floodplain):

Answer 3

River <—> Soil (ephemeral)

Question 4

Connectivity (Wetlands):

Answer 4

Surface Water <—> Soil
- Area where water covers/close to the soil surface for part/all year with aquatic plants

Question 5

Biochemical Processes (6):

Answer 5

1. Increase in residence time
2. Change in Redox potential
3. Increased microbes and increased plant diversity
4. N cycling leading to denitrification
5. P cycling

Question 6

1. Ecosystem Services: What are they sources of (3)?

Answer 6

1. Fiber and fuel
2. Raw materials for biochemical and industrial uses
3. Genetic material related to crop plants

Question 7

Ecosystem Services (9):

Answer 7

1. Regulating climate
2. Recharging groundwater
3. Ameliorating pollution
4. Providing erosion control
5. Reducing impacts of storms and floods
6. Providing spiritual, recreational, aesthetic, and education

Question 8

Different Types of Floodplain Wetlands (3):

Answer 8

1. Marsh
2. Bog
3. Swamp

Question 9

Marsh Wetland Properties (2):

Answer 9

1. Relatively shallow (herbaceous) flooded wetland
2. Mineral soils, frequent or continuously flooded

Question 10

Bog Wetland Properties (3):

Answer 10

1. Acidic soils
2. Low-lying areas (kettle holes) where OM accumulates > decay
3. Contain mosses and other aquatics

Question 11

Swamp Wetland Properties (2):

Answer 11

1. Relatively deep (woody + herbaceous + stagnant) wetland
2. Peat soils (OM), anaerobic (peat = acidic

Question 12

Swap Production (6):

Answer 12

1. Decreased Grazing
2. Transport
3. Detritivores
4. Fire
5. Microbial loss
6. Retained as peat

Question 13

Swamp Chemistry (2):

Answer 13

1. Extremely hypo/anoxic which lowers decomposition
2. Waterlogged soils lead to reducing (increased electrons, low Redox Pot.)