Lecture 5 - clinical exam. pig, chicken Flashcards
define Barrow
male pig castrated before puberty
define Stag in porcine context
male pig castrated later in life (an older
boar after castration)
define Gilt
young female not yet mated, or not yet
farrowed, or after only one litter (depending on
local usage
Sow weight
150-200kg
sow gestation
Pregnancy 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days (114d)
2 litters per year
how many piglets/pregnancy
10-14 piglets/pregnancy
even higher not unusual
pig Respiratory rate
– 10-20 x min
pig HR
60 – 90 x/min
– Femoral artery pulse in calm animals
– Heart lies behind the shoulder blade, at 5th rib
pig normal temp.
T 38-39 C
Auscultation of the lungs in pigs location
Lung field: from shoulder to 13th rib dorsally, to 7th rib vertically
Mucous membranes and CRT in pigs
– Ocular conjunctivae, vulva
– CRT 2-4s
Lymph nodes for clinical exam in pigs
Lymph nodes Not palpable normally
Red spots (raised lesions) in pigs first ddx
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, ASF
how many teats on sow
14 teats
MMA syndrome stands for
Mastitis, metritis and agalactia (MMA) is a complex syndrome seen in sows shortly (12 hours to three days) after farrowing. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the mammary glands (udder) and/or the urogenital tract.
agalactia = failure to produce milk
piglet normal HR
HR 100-120 x min
piglet normal RR
RR 24-36 x min
piglet normal Temperature
Temperature 39-40 °C
venipuncture locations for pigs (5)
external jugular vein
cranial vena cava
lateral ear vein
cephalic vein
coccygeal vein
what is a chicken’s comb?
Comb: Fleshy protuberance on the top of chicken’s head containing nerve endings and blood
vessels; larger on roosters than on hens
what is a chicken’s wattle?
Wattle: Fleshy protuberance hanging below a chicken’s beak; contains nerve endings and blood
vessels; and matches the comb color; larger on roosters than on hens
chicken life span
Life span: 5 to 11 years
chicken HR
- Heart rate: 220-360 x min
chicken RR
- Respiratory rate: 12-37 x min
normal chicken temp.
- Temperature: 40-43°C
chicken daily
Water intake:
Urine volume:
- Water intake: 210-400 ml/per day
- Urine volume: 100-200 ml/kg/day
chicken Gastrointestinal transit time:
Approximately 4 hours
chicken Blood volume:
6-12 ml per 1/10 kilogram of weight
so 60- 120 ml/kg
bumblefoot is
is the colloquial term used to describe an infection inside a chicken’s foot referred to as Plantar pododermatitis caused by bacteria an dinflammation due to injury, trauma or rough walking perching surfaces.
