Lecture 5- Axial skelton Flashcards
Four long ligaments of the Axial Skelton
Dorsal longitudinal ligament
Ventral longitudinal ligament C2-S3
Supraspinous ligament T1-S3
Nuchal ligament C2-T1
What long ligament of the axial skeleton is a cat missing
Nuchal
Three short ligaments of the Axial Skeleton
Interspinous ligament- Thoracolumbar
Intercapital ligament- rib heads 1-10
Yellow ligament- C2-S3, between vertebral bodies
What axial ligament do you “pop” through when administering an epidural?
Yellow ligament
What axial ligament prevents disc ruptures in the thoracic vertebrae
Intercapital ligament
How many rib pairs?
13
What does the spinal cord run through?
Vertebral foramen
Where does the disc sit on a vertebrae
Body
How does the spinal cord exit the vertebral canal?
Intervertebral foramen
What are the two components of an intervertebral disc?
Annulus fibrosis
Nucleus pulposis (cushions)
Hoe many joints in a basic vertebra
6
2 fibrocartilagenous
4 synovial
The joint between the atlas and the skull
Anlantoccipital joint
The joint between the axis and the atlas
atlantoaxial joint
eminence on the dorsal side of a vertebra
Spinous process
Eminences on the lateral sides of a vertebra
Transverse processes
What ligament sits on the ventral side of the spinal canal?
Ventral longitudinal lg
What is special about the joints of C7
Articulates with a rib head caudally, so will have 8 joints
Which vertebrae will have 12 joints and why?
T1-T9 have 12 joints
4 synovial on articular processes
2 fibrocartilagenous
4 for each rib head articulation, cranial and caudal
2 for each rib tubercle articulation with the transverse process
Which vertebrae only have 10 joints, and why
T10-T13 do not articulate with the rib heads cranially
Axial muscle system closest to the spinous process
Transversospinalis muscle system
Intermediate axial muscle system
Longissimus muscle system
Axial muscle system closest to the transverse processes
Illiocostalis muscle system
Which of the three axial muscle systems only covers the thoracolumbar region
iliocostalis
What comprises the thoracic inlet
The paired first ribs and the cranial extremity of the sternum
What long axial muscle binds the the cervicothoracic vertebrae and ribs and attaches at the skull
Serratus ventralis
Which axial muscle attaches to the 3rd ribs and the cervical vertebrae?
Scalenus
Which intercostal muscle runs caudoventrally
External intercostal
