lecture 5 & 6

Question 1

Causes of Institutional Choices with Focus on Interstate Bargains:

Answer 1

liberal intergovernmentalism
differentiated integration

Question 2

Consequences of Institutional Choices with Focus on Supranational Governance:

Answer 2

neofunctionalism
postfunctionalism

Question 3

stages of negotiation

Answer 3

national preference formation
interstate bargaining
institutional choice

Question 4

major turning points in the governance and policy competences transfer within the European Union

Answer 4

1. leaders pursue party specific interests 2. transfer of policy competences to EU
2. leaders puruse country specific interests
3. Preferences of political leaders are more likely to shift when partisan composition of government changes

Question 5

what questions dominated post maastricht

Answer 5

1. how to prepare for widening
2. efficiency in the common market
3. disputes over supranational dominating national decisions
4. balance of democracy

Question 6

Liberal Intergovernmentalism causes and consequences

Answer 6

• Causes: Institutional choices are seen as solutions to commitment problems in EU policy-making. Member state governments engage in bargaining to create efficient treaties.
  
  • Consequences: emphasizes the role of member states in decision-making, importance of intergovernmental negotiations and agreements.

Question 7

differentiated integration causes and consequences

Answer 7

• Causes: Institutional choices are made to accommodate varying levels of integration among EU member states. to address heterogeneity among member state governments.
  
  • Consequences: allows for opt-outs and exemptions as widening and deepening integration processes increase heterogeneity among member states. not all member states may be willing or able to participate in all aspects of integration.

Question 8

neo functionalism causes and consequences

Answer 8

• Causes: Institutional choices involve the delegation of competencies for EU policy-making, allowing for the spillover of authority and responsibilities beyond the national level.
  
  • Consequences: Supranational institutions play a role in fostering transnational lawmaking to facilitate transactions and address issues that extend beyond national boundaries.

Question 9

postfunctionalism causes and consequences

Answer 9

• Causes: Institutional choices entail further delegation of competencies to EU policy-making bodies, potentially leading to a mismatch between supranational governance and national identities.
  
  • Consequences: suggests that such a mismatch may mobilize national identities and desires for self-rule, leading to challenges and tensions within the EU framework.

Question 10

supranational partyism

Answer 10

political leaders, supranational actors, parties and the public are focal points
Partisan and economic interests drive institutional choices.

Question 11

intergovernmentalism

Answer 11

national governments (or member state governments) as the primary actors in EU decision-making

Question 12

national partyism

Answer 12

political parties within member states in shaping EU decision-making

Question 13

multilateral game theory

Answer 13

multilateral game theory can be used to model and predict the behavior of states or other actors in complex decision-making environments.

Question 14

In the post-Maastricht period, four key questions regarding effectiveness, efficiency, mediation, and democracy emerged as central to the EU reform agenda:

Answer 14

1. prepare for widening
2. Provide efficiency for deepening within common market
3. settle disputes between supranational and national norms
4. Balancing Democratic Relationship between Integration and Responsiveness

Question 15

Intergovernmental Bargaining Theory

Answer 15

• emphasizes the importance of state actors in pursuing their national interests through bargaining and compromise in multilateral settings
• considers factors such as power dynamics among states, asymmetrical information, and the use of tactics like coalition-building and concessions to achieve desired outcomes

Question 16

four principles of high and low politics

Answer 16

1. who are the actors –> interests, power, level of information
2. EU & domestic politics are interdependent –> how are decisions made, who do they benefit, what do they cost
3. strategic interaction –> decisions are made with respect to their expected reactions & level of info
4. bindingness and compliance –> who enforces laws/sanctions non-compliance (ECJ/EC), EP increases legitimacy

Question 17

Does intergovernmentalism or national partyism explain
the turning points in the post-Maastricht history of European
integration?

Answer 17

both compliment one another

Intergovernmentalism helps explain major treaty negotiations and crises management, where national governments play a crucial role.

National Partyism provides insights into how domestic political dynamics and electoral considerations shape national governments’ positions and policies towards the EU

Question 18

multi lateral game theory

Answer 18

• incomplete info
• negotiations focus on a credible solution
• side payments, opt outs and special conditions are likely

Question 19

what explains the success of euro sceptic parties/populist movements

Answer 19

Veto bicameralism for governance of more (sensitive) policy areas polarizes between pro- and anti-integrationists
(doesnt increase transparency nor responsiveness to the concerns of the citizens)