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MUS200 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

Voice, Agency and Nationalism in India and Pakistan

1
Q

what does identity suggest?

A

people are a function of their choices rather than the discovery of an immutable attribute

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2
Q

what is important background information to know about identity?

A

individuals posses multiple identities

these identities are not mutually exclusive

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3
Q

what is a nation?

A

a social construct, an imaginable community where people feel commonality with others even though they might not know them

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4
Q

what symbolizes the origins of classical music in India?

A

Ragamala, an 18th-century miniature or mehfil with living or past ustads in Mughal courts

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5
Q

what is raga?

A

a set of rules for composition and improvisation

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5
Q

what is tala?

A

meter or rhythmic framework

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6
Q

what is Alap?

A

raga improvisation in free rhythm

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7
Q

what is a jor?

A

a section of Hindustani music that introduces a pulse and follows alap

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8
Q

what is a taan?

A

a rapidly improvised melodic passage

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9
Q

what is Rasa?

A

mood or flavour

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10
Q

what is agency?

A

the speaking voice in Western philosophy.

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10
Q

what are the characteristics of the politics of voice?
PASP

A

studies how voices are constructed through practice

focuses on audibility and materiality rather than intentionality

illuminates how voice represents social position and power

power of voice to produce a particular persona induces relations and invite interpretations

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10
Q

what is a famous quote by Roshan Ara Begum?

A

“I now just spend my time in prayer and praise Allah through my Hindustani ragas”

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11
Q

what did the violin act as in Karnatic classical music?

A

as a “ventriloquiser” – the indigenization of the Western violin in Karnatic classical

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11
Q

what is Alapana?

A

melismatic and improvised introduction of Raga in free rhythm

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12
Q

what is kriti?

A

a fixed composition mostly in the form of a devotional song eg singing about the love of god

13
Q

who is MS Subbulakshmi?

A

Tamil actress and playback singer

played in the hit Tamil film Meera

rose to national fame in 1947

14
Q

what were women seen as?

A

the rightful keepers of tradition

14
Q

what was the status of women seen as?

A

India’s modernity and fitness to be a nation

15
Q

what is voice culture?

A

the practice of women especially people in the 19th and 20th centuries to attain vocal and ethical upliftment of the singing voice. Voice was known to elevate one’s class and was a chance to remake oneself racially. The voice became an origin of ethics

16
Q

what was Lata Mangeshkar known for?

A

playback singing and the filmy voice

17
Q

which songs had the filmy voice?

A

Gaja Bhau 1944

Railway Platform 1955

18
Q

what is the significance of the filmy voice?

A

the filmy voice carries what folks called cultural intimacy evoking a national, collective public felt the personal, sentimental popular idea of middle-class nationalism

19
Q

what is the significance of Courtesans?

A

they were dubbed as natch girls during the British rule in India. these professional singers and dancers were inflated with prostitution. As a result, their contribution to India’s classical music was scrubbed from consciousness and there stories found little place in the margins of history

20
Q

what is the significance of the Devadasi system?

A

prevalent from 7 CE, engaged unmarried women to a life of musical and ritual service within temples of South India. This system including the music and dance of Devadasi was abolished in 1947 because their profession was attached to the stigma of prostituition

21
Q

what are two examples of Indipop?

A

Seulement Vous

Hari Om Hari

22
Q

what is the social meaning of Bollywood music?

A

disembodied and homogenous voices for people to lip-sync

23
Q

what is the social meaning of Indipop?

A

heterogenous voices with representation of agency, freedom and self-expression

24
Q

what is the aesthetic of Bollywood music?

A

raga based

melodic tension and release

large graphic of Bollywood actors on the cover

25
Q

what is the aesthetic of Indipop music?

A

riff based

harmonic tension and release

simple, persona portraits for covers

26
Q

what is the studio production of Bollywood music like?

A

a heavy reverb-based sonic space compatible with the modes of public consumption associated with films

27
Q

what is the studio production of Indipop music like?

A

prioritizing a clear tone that will sound good on headphones, personal stereos, and in other modes of individual consumption

28
Q

what is not agentive in a classical sense?

A

The dichotomy of having a voice or being silent leaves little way of interpreting a highly audible or public voice but is not agentive in the classic sense

MUS200 (9 decks)

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