Lecture 11 Flashcards
The Social Life of Musical Instruments
what is the Northern India bagpipe called?
hindustani masak
what are the pipes associated with?
military during the British Empire
which countries are the Scotland Highland Bagpipe mainly played?
in Scotland and Ireland
what is the Scotland Highland Bagpipe?
a wind instrument with an air reservoir (the bag) squeezed under one arm, allowing the player to keep the sound going continuously.
what is the chanter in the Scotland Highland Bagpipe?
melody pipe with finger holes so the melody can be played
what are drones in the Scotland Highland Bagpipe?
a single note acting like a drone against the chanter
how is the continuous sound produced in the Scotland Highland Bagpipe?
from the chanter and the drones
what are grace notes?
ornamental notes used by the Bagpipe
what are three terms used to describe grace notes?
cut, birl, doubling
what is cutting?
the insertion of grace notes to disrupt a sustained sound
what is doubling?
a group of several grace notes
what is birl?
a type of doubling
when and where is the Scotland Highland Bagpipe played?
in occasions of death and commemoration
during entertainment and dance
during competitions and concerts
how long have bagpipes been linked with warfare and death?
since the 16th century
who are the MacCrimmons?
a famous family who composed a repertoire of compositions called pibroch
what are the characteristics of pibroch?
has a slower melody than dance tunes
has a ground melody
what is the significance of the sounds of the pibroch and its longtime use as a lament?
it has shaped listeners’ perceptions of the bagpipe’s commemorative significance
when is the pibroch played?
on occasions of commemoration and death
why were police bagpipe bands formed?
to perform specifically for occasions of death
what job did Scottish Highland Bagpipers transition to?
important official jobs like police officers or fire fighters or were hired to play at civic functions
what happens when a police officer or firefighter dies in the line of duty?
a group of bagpipers almost always play at the funeral
What did the Scottish Highland bagpipes mean during the funeral of the 9/11 attack?
represents peoples professional commitment during a time of national tragedy
reflection of ethnic pride
mourning and commemoration
historically, when have Scottish Highland Bagpipes been performed?
at festive that still continue today, election of magistrates, horse races, weddings
what is an important part of the history of piping?
Occasions of competition and public display
where do bagpipe competitions usually take place?
in the US and Canada
what do pipe bands have close ties to?
Scottish and Irish Traditions
what are pipe bands commonly a part of?
civic institutions like police and fire departments
what are pipe bands affiliated with?
Universities
what context are Scottish Highland Bagpipes played in today?
funerals, parades, festivals, concerts, college pep rallies
what is the Iranian Bagpipe called?
the Ney-Anban
what is the Ney-Anban made of?
sheep or goat skin
what is the Ney-Anban?
a folk like instrument form the southern regions of Iran
what is the structure of the Ney-Anban?
and air reservior and a chanter
what does the chanter of the Ney-Anban look like?
two single reeds placed parallel
who traditionally plays the Ney-Anban?
men however women recently began playing it at weddings
what is the Ney-Anban usually accompanied by?
drums
what context is the Ney-Anban played in?
festivals and weddings
who are the performers of the Ney-Anban?
low-status entertainers
what is the Ney-Anban recognized as by Iran’s Ministry of Cultural Heritage?
intangible cultural heritage by Iran’s Ministry of Cultural Heritage,
Tourism, and Handicrafts in 2015
which countries perform in the international bagpipe festival?
Croatia, France, Ireland, Turkey, Hungary, Iran
how long has there been ethnomusicological interest in Iran’s regional music?
late 1960’s
what is the Islamic Republic’s cultural policy against?
cultural aggressions from the West
what is the significance of the Islamic Republic’s cultural policy against “cultural aggression from the West”?
it gives Iranian bagpipe legitimacy and a valid expression of Iran’s identity
what do local musicians’ & music researcher’s efforts do?
uphold the significance of regional music both inside and outside Iran
what is the significance of regional instruments like the Ney-Anban?
it became a signifier of Iran’s national heritage
