lecture 5 Flashcards
Define stimulus control
degree of correlation between occurence of particular antecedant stimulus and occurence of a subsequent response
define stimuli
people, objects or events that are currently present in one’s immediate surroundings that impinge on senses and affect behaviour
ABC assesment
Antecedent, behaviour, conseqeunces
Identifying the antecedents and consequences of a behaviour
Discriminative stimulus
SD- Stimulus in the presence of which an operant response will be reinforced
cue that a response will pay off
extinction stimulus
S-Delta
stimulus in the presence of which an operant response will not be reinforced
Cue that a response will not pay off
example sd
SD: Other kids Response: swearing - reinforcer : social approval
example s-delta
Sdelta: Grandparents present- Response: Swearing- Reinforcer- No positive attention
Operant stimulus discrimination training
procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of an SD and extinguishing that response in the presence of an Sdelta
good stimulus control
is a result of operant stimulus disc training
= a strong correlation between occurence of a particular stimulus and a particular response
stimulus discrimination
is also a result of operant stimulus disc training
response occurs to an Sd and not an Sdelta
operant stimulus generalization
refers to the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or
situation and the effect of the response becoming more probable not only in the presence of that stimulus or situation,
but also in the presence of another stimulus or situation.
learned stimulus class
learning concept of stimulus class, two things that are not very similar sharing a class i.e. german shepherd chiuaua are both dogs but that has to be learned, limited physically similar
stimulus equivalence class
completley dissimilar stimuli which an individual learns to group or match together
ex. different representations of number 3
3, three, III
rule governed bh
controlled by statement of rule
contingency governed bh
controlled by trial and error
possible pitfalls of operant stimulus disc training
unaware misapplication pitfall
=accidentally reinforcing Sdelta instead of requiring and reinforcing responses to SD
define fading
gradual change over successive trials of an antecedent stimulus that controls a response, so that the response eventually occurs to a changed or completely new antecedent
Define prompts
supplemental antecedent provided to increase likelihood that a desired bh will occur (but not the final target stimulus)
Physical Prompt?
Guiding learning thru physical touch e.g. parents holding childrens hand to teach walking
Environmental Prompt
env alteration which evokes desired bh
extra stimulus prompt vs within stimulus prompt
ES = Added to env
WS= variation of SD or sdelta that makes it more noticeable
dimensions of stimulus
characteristics of stimulus that can be measured
ex volume of speech, pressure of touch
define behavioural chain aka stimulus response chain
is a consistent sequence of stimuli and responses that occur closely to each other in time and in which the last response is typically followed by a reinforcer.
each response porudces a stimulus which serves as SD
sd1>r1>sd2>r2> S+
s+= reinforcer
difference between behaviour chains and sequences
bh sequence is more varied with breaks
ex studying for a final
study, sleeping, breaks, reading, memorizing, etc — not a chain of stim and resp
total task presentation
an individual attempts
all of the steps from the beginning to the end of the chain on each trial and continues with total-task trials until he/she learns the chain
backward chaining
method, the last step is taught first, then the next-to-last step is taught and
linked to the last step, then the third-from-last step is taught and linked to the last two steps, and so on, progressing backward toward the beginning of the chain
forward chaining
teaches the initial step of the sequence first, then teaches and links together the
first and second steps, then the first three steps, and so on until the entire chain is acquired
ttp reinforcer applied?
at last step
fc and bc reinforcer applied
at step that is being taught
task analysis
process of breaking down a task into smaller steps or component responses to facilitate training
