Lecture 47+48: Leg Anatomy Flashcards
which is the larger weightbearing bone of the leg?
tibia
what connects the tibia and fibula and acts as an additional joint
interosseous membrane
supplies skin on the medial side of the leg
saphenous nerve (L3-4) branch of the femoral
medial sural cutaneous nerve
branch of the tibial nerve
lateral sural cutaneous nerve
branch of the common peroneal nerve
sural communicating nerve
branch of the lateral sural cutaneous
joins with the medial sural cutaneous
sural nerve
formed by the junction of the medial sural and communicating sural cutaneous nerves
supplies skin of anterolateral leg and dorsum of foot
Superficial peroneal n.
- branch of common peroneal
courses through lateral compartment
where does the great saphenous vein drain
into the femoral vein
begins at the foot and ascends along the medial side of the leg, contains 10-12 valves
great saphenous
where does the small saphenous vein drain?
drains into the popliteal vein posterior to the knee joint
begins at the lateral side of the foot and ascends along the posterior medial leg
small saphenous
deep fascia of the leg
crural fascia
dorsiflexor/extensor compartment of the leg
anterior compartment of the leg
located anterior to IO membrane, between the anterior intermuscular septum and tibia
anterior compartment of the leg
dorsiflexors of the ankle and extensors of the toes
anterior compartment of the leg
O-I tibialis anterior
O: tibia and IO membrane
I: med. cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
strongest dorsiflexor
tibialis anterior
O-I extensor hallucis longus
O: fibula and IO membrane
I: distal phalanx 1st toe
deepest muscle in the anterior comp. of leg
extensor hallicus longus
O-I extensor digitorum longus
O: tibia, fibula and IO membrane
I: middle and distal phalanges toe 2-5
O-I peroneus tertius
O- fibula and IO membrane
I- 5th metatarsal base
“5th extensor tendon” lateral
peroneus tertius
nerve of the anterior compartment of leg
deep peroneal nerve
artery of the anterior compartment of leg
anterior tibial artery
- a branch of the popliteal artery
branches of the anterior tibial artery in the leg
- tibial recurrent
- anterior medial malleolar
- anterior lateral malleolar
- dorsalis pedis
at the ankle joint the anterior tibial changes it name to______________ to supply the foot
dorsalis pedis
microtearing of tibialis anterior m. or tendons
shin splints
injury to the common peroneal nerve …
paralysis of all anterior and lateral compartment muscles
cut on the superior lateral leg near the fibular head …
cut deep peroneal n and lead to paralysis of leg
everter compartment of the leg
lateral compartment
- also the smallest compartment
bounded by the fibula, anterior and posterior intermuscular septa and deep fascia
lateral compartment
muscles of the anterior compartment of leg (4)
tibialis anterior
extensor hallicus longus
extensor digitorum longus
peroneus tertius
muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg (2)
peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
O-I peroneus longus
O: lateral fibula
I: base 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
O-I peroneus brevis
O: lateral fibula
I: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
nerve of the lateral compartment of the leg
superficial peroneal n.
artery of the lateral compartment of the leg
does NOT have its own unique supply
branches of the peroneal a. from the posterior compartment and branches of the anterior tibial artery from the anterior compartment
flexor compartment of the leg/ muscles produce plantar flexion and inversion of the foot
posterior compartment
- this compartment is divided into a superficial and a deep compartment by the transverse intermuscular septum
nerve of the posterior compartment of the leg
tibial n.
artery of the posterior compartment of the leg
posterior tibial and peroneal a.
muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg (7)
gastrocnemius soleus plantaris popliteus flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus tibialis posterior
O-I gastrocnemius
O: lateral and medial condyles of the femur
I: calcaneus
Action of gastrocnemius
flex leg at the knee joint
plantar flex the foot
O-I soleus
O: fibula and soleal line of tibia
I: calcaneus
“anti-gravity muscle”
soleus because the fibers are continuously active during standing
tirceps surae
gastrocnemius and soleus together
O-I plantaris
O- lateral supracondylar line of femur
I- calcaneus
True or False: tendon of plantaris does not attach w/ calcaneal tendon
True- it has a separate attachment
“freshman nerve”
tendon of plantaris
O-I popliteus
O: lateral condyle of femur
I: superior to soleal line of tibia
unlocks the knee joint by laterally rotating femur 5 degrees
popliteus
O-I flexor hallicus longus
O: fibula and IO membrane
I: base 1st distal phalanx
O-I flexor digitorum longus
O: tibia inferior to soleal line
I: bases distal phalanges toes 2-5
O-I tibialis posterior
O- tibia, fibula, and IO membrane
I- navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, bases of 2-4 met.
does the tibialis posterior attach to calcaneus or talus?
No
deepest muscle of the posterior compartment of leg
tibialis posterior
nerve of the posterior compartment
tibial nerve (L4-S3)
artery of the posterior compartment
posterior tibial a.
branch of the popliteal a.
branches of the posterior tibial a. in the posterior compartment of the leg
circumflex fibular a. peroneal a. nuterient a. muscular a. posterior medial malleolar a. communicating a. medial calcaneal (posterior) a. medial plantar a. lateral plantar a.
joins posterior tibial and peroneal arteries
communicating a. (branch of posterior tibial a.)
are there lymph nodes in the foot?
no- the closest lymph nodes are in the popliteal fossa
