Lecture 42 - The Perineum

Question 1

diamond-shaped area when observed inferiorly

Answer 1

perineum

Question 2

anterior triangle name

Answer 2

urogenital triangle

Question 3

posterior triangle name

Answer 3

anal triangle

Question 4

anterior boundary of perineum

Answer 4

symphysis pubis

Question 5

posterior boundary of perineum

Answer 5

tip of coccyx

Question 6

anterolateral boundary of perineum

Answer 6

ischial tuberosities

Question 7

posteriolateral boundary of perineum

Answer 7

imaginary line connecting ischial tuberosities with the coccyx

Question 8

blood supply to the anal canal

Answer 8

superior and inferior rectal arteries

Question 9

anal columns forming transverse semilunar folds that are at the lower end

Answer 9

anal valves

Question 10

the lower end has vertically running folds in its mucosa called the

Answer 10

anal columns (of Morgagni)

Question 11

the anal sphincters can be divided into the

Answer 11

involuntary internal sphincter and voluntary external sphincter

Question 12

the internal sphincter is surrounded by the external sphincter and has 3 parts:

Answer 12

subcutaneous, superficial, deep

Question 13

encircles the lower end, has no bony attachment

Answer 13

subcutaneous

Question 14

attached to the coccus posteriorly and the perineal body anteriorly

Answer 14

superficial

Question 15

encircles the upper part, also has no bony attachment

Answer 15

deep

Question 16

wedge-shaped space located on each side of the anal canal

Answer 16

ischiorectal fossa

Question 17

allows the dilation of the anal canal during defecation and passage of the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels in the pudendal canal

Answer 17

ischiorectal fossa

Question 18

cross the fossa to reach the lower part of the anal canal

Answer 18

inferior rectal vessels and nerve

Question 19

a space in the lateral portion of the ischiorectal fossa

Answer 19

pudendal (Alcock’s) canal

Question 20

the two muscles of the urogenital diaphragm

Answer 20

deep transverse perineus and the sphincter urethrae

Question 21

muscles located superficial to the deep transverse perineus

Answer 21

superficial transverse perineus

Question 22

the superficial transverse perineus runs from the ischial tuberosities to the

Answer 22

perineal body

Question 23

muscles that attach to the perineal body

Answer 23

bulbospongiosus, ischocavernosus, superficial/deep transverse perineus

Question 24

the root of the penis is made of 3 erectile tissues:

Answer 24

bulb of the penis and the left and right crura

Question 25

the bulb of the penis is covered by the

Answer 25

bulbospongiosus muscle

Question 26

the crura of the penis are covered by the

Answer 26

ischiocavernosus muscles

Question 27

deep fascia of the penis

Answer 27

Buck’s fascia

Question 28

3 erectile tissues in the penis

Answer 28

corpus cavernosa (2) and corpus spongiosum (1)

Question 29

the corpus spongiosum expands to form the

Answer 29

glands penis

Question 30

associated structures of the glans penis

Answer 30

external urethral meatus, corona, prepuce (foreskin) and the frenulum

Question 31

contains the testis and contains the dartos muscle

Answer 31

scrotum

Question 32

blood supply of corpus spongiosum

Answer 32

artery of the bulb

Question 33

blood supply of corpus cavernosa

Answer 33

deep arteries of the penis

Question 34

bloody supply of all penile tissue

Answer 34

dorsal arteries of the penis

Question 35

venous drainage of the penis

Answer 35

dorsal vein

Question 36

helps maintain erection

Answer 36

suspensory ligament, fungiform ligament (thickening of scarpa’s fascia; a “sling”)

Question 37

innervation of the penis

Answer 37

pudendal nerve (branches include dorsal nerves of the penis)

Question 38

the root of the clitoris is made up of 3 erectile tissues:

Answer 38

bulb of vestibule and right and left crura

Question 39

bulb of clitoris is covered by the

Answer 39

bulbospongiosus muscles

Question 40

the crura are covered by the

Answer 40

ischiocavernosus muscles

Question 41

lower vestibular glands of vagina

Answer 41

skene’s glands

Question 42

help secrete fluid in vagina

Answer 42

Greater vestibular (bartholins) glands

Question 43

parts of vagina

Answer 43

prepuce, frenulum, labia majora, labia minoris