Lecture 38 - Abdominal Wall

Question 1

the pelvic diaphragm is composed of what two muscles

Answer 1

levator ani and coccygeus

Question 2

superior boundaries of abdominal wall

Answer 2

xiphoid process and costal cartilages

Question 3

inferior boundaries of abdominal wall

Answer 3

iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spines, inguinal ligaments, pubic tubercles, pubic crests, and pubic symphysis

Question 4

4 muscles that form anterior and lateral wall

Answer 4

rectus abdominis, external/internal abdominal obliques, transversus abdominis

Question 5

3 muscles that form the posterior wall

Answer 5

quadrates lumborum, iliacus, psoas muscles

Question 6

midline depression between the two rectus abdominis

Answer 6

linea alba

Question 7

laterally the edge of the rectus abdominis

Answer 7

linea semilunaris

Question 8

lines dividing the rectus abdominis in 4 muscular portions

Answer 8

tendinous intersections or inscriptions

Question 9

the upper part of the abdominal wall receives extensions of which nerves

Answer 9

intercostal and subcostal nerves

Question 10

the lower region of the abdominal wall is innervated by which nerves

Answer 10

ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves

Question 11

2 fascial layers

Answer 11

superficial layer and a deep fascia

Question 12

fatty layer of superficial layer

Answer 12

Camper’s fascia

Question 13

membranous fascia of superficial layer

Answer 13

Scarpa’s fascia

Question 14

thin layer of areolar tissue

Answer 14

deep fascia

Question 15

formed by the aponeuroses of the three flat abdominal muscles and the rectus abdominis

Answer 15

rectus sheath

Question 16

derived from the transverses abdominis and lines entire abdominal cavity

Answer 16

transversals fascia

Question 17

deeper to the transverses abdominis aponeurosis

Answer 17

parietal peritoneum (endoabdominal fascia)

Question 18

the lower edge of the rectus sheath is named the

Answer 18

arcuate line

Question 19

the internal thoracic artery divides into the

Answer 19

musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries

Question 20

artery that supplies the diaphragm

Answer 20

musculophrenic

Question 21

triangle formed by rectus abdominis, inferior epigastric vessels, and inguinal ligament

Answer 21

Hesselbach’s triangle (covered only w/ rectus sheath, weak region where hernias occur)

Question 22

an oblique passage through the lower part of the abdominal wall

Answer 22

inguinal canal

Question 23

boundaries of inguinal canal

Answer 23

superior: free edge of transverses abdominis
inferior: inguinal ligament
anterior: intercrural fibers
posterior: transversals fascia

Question 24

just lateral to Hesselbach’s triangle, entrance to inguinal canal

Answer 24

deep inguinal ring

Question 25

floor of inguinal canal

Answer 25

inguinal ligament

Question 26

where the inguinal canal ends

Answer 26

superficial inguinal ring

Question 27

in males, the inguinal canal allows the passage of the

Answer 27

spermatic cord down to the scrotum

Question 28

extension of the external oblique aponeurosis of the abdomen

Answer 28

external spermatic fascia

Question 29

extension of the internal oblique aponeurosis

Answer 29

cremaster muscle

Question 30

extension of the fascia transversals of the abdomen

Answer 30

internal spermatic fascia

Question 31

extension of periotenum

Answer 31

processus vaginalis

Question 32

other things passing through males:

Answer 32

ilioinguinal nerve, genital br of genitofemoral nerve, pam-uniform plexus of veins, ductus deferens, testicular artery

Question 33

responsible for the “wrinkling” of the scrotum with testicular elevation seen when the scrotum is exposed to cold temps

Answer 33

dartos muscle

Question 34

contents of inguinal canal in females

Answer 34

ilioinguinal nerve, round ligament of the uterus, genital br of genitofemoral nerve, a fat pad