Lecture 41 Flashcards
What is the cell pH relative to normal blood pH?
closer to 7 than blood (blood is normally 7.4) this is because of metabolic processes.
What is the main method of buffering H+ in transit?
H+ is mostly buffered by haemoglobin, losing the H+ for O2 in the lungs. These H+ can come from the non-volatile acids produced in the cells.
How does the kidney maintain bicarbonate levels?
in TAL and 10% in distal tubule, can be done by absorbing carbon dioxide and water (produced from the H2CO3 form of bicarbonate) and combining them into H2CO3 in the cell with secretion of the H+), replacement of bicarbonate consumed in excretion of non-volatile acids (secretion of H+ by combining with the non volatile acids, same production of bicarbonate as before, but now the H+ will end up on the non volatile acids and then excreted, meaning gain in bicarbonate rather than replacement, can also done by breaking up glutamine to produce ammonium and bicarbonate (brings in sodium)) and excretion of excess bicarbonate.
What form will the filtered non-volatile acid be in?
The filtered non-volatile acid will be in the A- form as it dissasociated its proton in the blood.
What is the Henderson hasselbalch equation? What does it mean about acid-base balance?
The henderson-hasselbalch equation is pH = 6.1 + (log [HCO3-]/0.03 x pCO2). hence our acid base balance requires appropriate respiratory function to maintain the CO2 level and approprriate renal function to keep HCO3- balance. Respiratory acidosis is too much CO2, alkalosis is too little, metabolic alkalosis is too much HCO3-, metabolic acidosis is too little. Compensation must be done if one of the values skews.
