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MOVEMENT SCIENCE > LECTURE 4- TMJ > Flashcards

LECTURE 4- TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

what are the main 2 articular structures that make up the TMJ

A

mandible and temporal

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2
Q

other bones contributing to the TMJ structure

A

maxilla , zygomatic , sphenoid, hyoid

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3
Q

what forms the 2 TMJs

A

condole of mandible and articular eminence of temporal

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4
Q

what type of joint is the TMJ

A

synovial joint

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5
Q

are the surfaces of the TMJ covered in fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage?

A

fibrocartilage allowing it to move more

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6
Q

what type of movement joint is the TM joints

A

ginglymoarthrodial (diarthrosis) allowing for free movement

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7
Q

which layers of the joint surfaces are perpendicular to bony surface and what do they do

A

deep layers and withstand stress

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8
Q

how are the superficial layers of the joint surfaces arranged and what do they facilitate in the TMJ

A

parallel and facilitate sliding of joint

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9
Q

how much can a bite force be

A

up to 1200 N

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10
Q

what structure is the largest of facial bones

A

mandible

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11
Q

where do the mandible structures sit

A

anterior to external auditory meatus

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12
Q

what part of the mandible is the attachment site for temporalis muscle

A

coronoid process

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13
Q

what makes up for joint incongruence and separates articulation into inferior and superior TMJ functions

A

articular disc

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14
Q

how does the inferior TMJ function

A

as an hinge joint - rolling posterior during opening

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15
Q

how does the superior TMJ function

A

as a plane joint , sliding anterior during opening

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16
Q

the articular disc of the TMJ is

A

bioconcave

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17
Q

what purposes do the articular disc of the TMJ serve

A

joint stanbility
minimize loss of mobility
reduce frication
decrease biomechanical stress at joint

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18
Q

where are the articular disc attach to

A

medial and lateral poles of the mandible condyle
joint capsule and tendon of lateral pteryoid muscle anteriorly
bilaminar retrodiscal pad posterior

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19
Q

what do superior and inferior lateral pterygoid muscle restrict ?

A

posterior translation

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20
Q

what does the superior lamina allow the disc to do

A

translate anteriorly by stretching

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21
Q

what does the interior lamina limit

A

forward translation

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22
Q

what is the articular disc of the TMJ made up of

A

collagen , proteoglycans , and elastin

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23
Q

what is the vascularity of the anterior band of the disc and where does it attach to

A

minimal to no vascular supply and attaches to joint capsule anteriorly

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24
Q

what is the vascularity of the intermediate zone of the disc and where does it attach to

A

no vascular supply and attached to medal and lateral condyle of mandible

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25
what is the vascularity of the posterior band of the disc and where does it attach to
rich innervation and vascular supply from retrodiscal tissue and attached to retrodiscal tissue which is attached to capsule
26
where is the capsule for TMJ the stronger
laterally
27
what is the vascularity of the capsule forTMJ
highly vascular and innervated
28
3 ligaments of the TMJ
TM lig stylomandibular lig sphenomandibular lig
29
what does the oblique TM lig do
limits downward and posterior motion/ rotation of mandible
30
what does the horizontal TM lig do
resist posterior motion of condyle
31
what do both TM ligs do
resists lateral displacement
32
what does the stylomandibular lig do
may limit protrusion of jaw , weakest
33
what ligament may prevent forward translation
sphenomandibular lig
34
when is the TMJ engaged
mastication , swallowing and speaking
35
what are the arthokinematic movements of the TMJ
rolling anterior slide distraction lateral glide
36
what are the osteokinematic motions of TMJ
depression elevation protrusion retrusion L/R lateral excursions
37
what is the Normal depression ROM of the TMJ
40-50 mm
38
how do u test of normal depression ROM
have pt open mouth and use their fingers to test it 2 fingers is function and 3 fingers is normal
39
what happens 1st during normal depression
11-25 mm anterior rotation of condyle on disc which leads to posteior roll of mandible
40
what happens 2nd during normal depression
translation : both condyle and disc anterior and interior which leads to anterior slide of condyle
41
during depression what control of the disc translate along the articular eminence and retrodiscal lamina limits translation
passively
42
if there is active depression of the disc what happens
there is no active contraction of superior lateral pterygoid
43
what happens passively during elevation of the mandible
elasticity of the superior retrodisc lamina apples traction force posteriorly
44
during active elevation of what eccentrically contracts to control posterior gliding and rotation of condyle
superior lateral pterygoid
45
during active elevation what attached to anterolateral portion of the disc to counteract the lateral pterygoid
masseter
46
what 3 muscles provide contrast pressure on disc to prevent dislocation during elevation
temporalis , medial pterygoid and masseter
47
where do protrusion and retrusion occurs
in superior portion of the joint
48
what is anterior translation without rotation of inferior joint
protrusion
49
bilateral lamina stretch _____ to allow complete motion during protrusion
6-9mm
50
during protrusion teeth touching = ____ and lower teeth passing upper teeth = ___
normal max
51
what does retrusion do
translation posteriorly (3mm)
52
what is retrusion limited by
TM lig and soft tissue in retrodiscal area
53
what is a important component of mandibular elevation from maximally depressed mandible
retrusion
54
what is the normal range of lateral excursion
8-11 mm
55
if someone does a right lateral excursion what happens at the joint
right TMJ rotation and L TMJ translation
56
if someone has tight right side muscles then what excursion will be limited
L side bc the R side will not be able to go into translation
57
during lateral excursion there is an …
ipsilateral mandibular condyle rotation and contralateral mandibular condyle translations
58
what is it called if the mandible moves away from mandible during mandibular depression and stays to the L or R
deviation
59
what is a deflection
when the mandible move away from madeline during depressions or protrusion but then returns to midline at end range
60
what muscles help depression
digastric & suprahyoids inferior lateral pterygoid gravity
61
what muscles help elevation
temporalis masseter medial pterygoid superior lateral pterygoid
62
what muscles help assist protrusion
Bil: masseter , medial and lateral pterygoid
63
what muscles help assist with retrusion
bil: temporalis , assisted by anterior digastric
64
what muscles help with lateral deviation
unilateral contraction of medial and lateral pterygoids to pull to contralateral side ( R medial and lateral will pull to L) temporalis will pull to ipsilateral side
65
what are considered secondary muscle of TMJ
diagastric muscle (anterior belly) mylohyoid stylohyoid geniohyoid
66
what are considered deep cervical flexors
longus colli and longus capitus
67
what are the bilateral and unilateral actions of the longus colli
bilateral: neck flexion uni: SB with contralateral rotations same as SCM
68
what is the unilateral and bilateral action for longus capitus
bilateral: neck flexion unilateral: SB with ipsilaterla rotation
69
what does forward heard posture result in
retraction of mandible after malalignment
70
Should the teeth touch during the day at rest?
no
71
what is the freeway space of the teeth
normal rest position with 1-5 mm of space between supper and lower teeth at rest
72
what are teh structural changes of the disc
wear and tear may lead to OA
73
capsular fibrosis of TMJ will lead to
overproduction of connective tissue leading to loss of tissue function
74
inflammation of TMJ will lead to
capsulitis and synovitis leading to RA
75
joint hyper mobility of the TMJ is when there is …
an opening over 40 mm
76
if you have joint hypermobility at the TMJ what will happen
there will be a deflection of mandible to contralateral side when opening
77
what muscle hypertrophy, atrophy, or contracture if someone has joint hypermobility
lateral pterygoid muscle
78
dislocation of the TMJ will cause
opening with deviation and inability to close due to anterior translated disc
79
if you have an articular disc displacement with reduction then what happens
the condyle is behind the disk at rest so it translates anteriorly with depression with a click and translates posterior and slips out from under the disc during elevation with a click
80
if you have articular disc displacement without reduction then what happens
the posterior attachments to the disc are overstretched and are unable to relocate during depression no clicking
81
if you have articular disc displacement without reduction when do you have pain
chewing , talking , yawning

MOVEMENT SCIENCE (16 decks)

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