Lecture 4 Nucleus Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus?
Cell regulation, production of ribsomes
An active nucleus typically has much diffuse, light-staining ______ and smaller subdomains of electron-dense ______.
Euchromatin, heterochromatin
______ are involved in sex determination and one X chromosome not active. Condensed as heterochromatin. Present only in females.
______ can be used with a combination of labeled probes, each specific for sequences on different chromosomes.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
Liver cells have large, _______. One or more highly _______ nucleoli are visible within each nucleus, -indicating intense protein synthesis by these cells.
central nuclei, basophilic
What are the regions within the nucleolus?
fibrillar centers (FC), fibrillar material (F), granular material (G), heterochromatin (H), euchromatin (E), nuclear envelope (NE), cytoplasm (C)
What are the stages of mitosis as seen?
Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Late telophase
What stage is this? What is the structure c?
Metaphase, centrosomes
In rapidly growing adult tissues and perhaps in other tissues there are slowly dividing populations of ______.
stem cells
Where are the dead cells, stem cells and progenitor (mitosis) cells in this image?
top - dead
basal - stem
middle - mitosis
_______ are genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, changes in their structure or expression can convert them into _______ that result in uncontrolled cell division, tumors, and hematologic cancers.
Proto-oncogenes, Oncogenes,
___ is a tumor suppressor protein
p53
______ is programmed cell death cell suicide that involves blebbing.
Apoptosis
______ is involved in apoptosis and is used as a marker for apoptotic Astroglial cells. Immunohistochemical staining.
Activated caspase-3
