Lecture 3 Cell cytoplasm

Question 1

What is the membrane made of?

Answer 1

Phospholipids

Question 2

What is the membrane modeled after?

Answer 2

fluid mosaic

Question 3

What are the 3 types of transport?

Answer 3

Simple diffusion , channel, carrier/transporter

Question 4

How do vesicles form?

Answer 4

Ligands bind at high affinity to specific surface receptors, which then associate with specific cytoplasmic proteins, including clathrin and adaptor proteins, and aggregate in membrane regions to form coated pits. Clathrin facilitates invagination of the pits, and another -peripheral membrane protein, dynamin, forms constricting loops around the developing neck of the pit, which cause the region to pinch off as a coated vesicle

Question 5

What are the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 5

Synthesis, transport, storage, detoxification

Question 6

Cells that make few or no proteins for secretion have very little RER, is a _______

Answer 6

erythroblast

Question 7

Cells that synthesize, segregate, and store various proteins in specific secretory granules is a ______.

Answer 7

eosinophilic leukocyte

Question 8

Cells with extensive RER and a well-developed Golgi apparatus show few secretory granules is a ______.

Answer 8

plasma cell

Question 9

Epithelial cells specialized for secretion have distinct polarity is an example of a ______

Answer 9

pancreatic anicar cell

Question 10

the ______ is a devoid of ribosomes. Major role in phospholipid synthesis and the site of Steroid hormone synthesis (e.g. Adrenal gland). Glycogen metabolism.

Answer 10

SER

Question 11

The ______ is a highly plastic, morphologically complex system of membrane vesicles and cisternae in which proteins and other molecules made in the RER undergo further modification

Answer 11

Golgi

Question 12

When stained with H & E, the golgi is a ______

Answer 12

golgi ghost

Question 13

In the image of a lysosome, what are the black structures?

Answer 13

acid phosphotase

Question 14

Where are lysosomes located in each imagine?

Answer 14

Toluidine blue w/ acid phosphatase, green in fluorescence, larger electron-dense bodies in TEM

Question 15

______ is a process in which the cell uses lysosomes to dispose of excess or nonfunctioning organelles or membranes

Answer 15

Autophagy

Question 16

______ are eosinophilic structures that appear round or slightly elongated in 2D section

Answer 16

Mitochondria

Question 17

______ are small spherical, membranous organelle involved in fatty acid metabolism & xenobiotic detoxification and tilize oxygen like mitochondria but do not produce ATP.

Answer 17

Peroxisomes

Question 18

In this image, _____ is red and, ______ is green.

Answer 18

actin (cell shape changes, locomotion), microtubules (stabilize cell shape)

Question 19

______ provide mechanical strength or stability to cells. and is easily shown by TEM.

Answer 19

Intermediate filaments

Question 20

______ are the microtubule-organizing center for the mitotic spindle and consists of paired centrioles

Answer 20

Centrosomes

Question 21

______ are abundant in cells of the adrenal cortex and appear with the TEM as small spherical structures

Answer 21

lipid droplets

Question 22

_______ occur in many cell types and may contain various complex substances, such as lipofuscin or melanin.

Answer 22

Pigment deposits