Lecture 4: compliance, FRC, respiration volumes Flashcards

1
Q

2 major collapsing fources of the lungs

A

surface tension

lung elastic recoil

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2
Q

Lung Elastic Recoil

A

lung has connective tissue network composed of elastic fibers; stretching them from rest position creates a retracting force that acts when stretching force is released

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3
Q

Pressure- Volume Curve

A

expand lung in volume increments and measure trans-pulmonary pressure

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4
Q

stretchability nonlinear

A

more force needed at lower and higher lung volumes

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5
Q

Compliance

A

slope of the curv; greater, easier lung compliesto disteniding; normal is .2L/cm

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6
Q

Stiffening of the lung casues?

A

Compliance (fibrosis)

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7
Q

Emphysema

A

Causes increased compliance

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8
Q

Net compliance

A

combination of lung elastic recoil and surface tension

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9
Q

Residual Volume

A

volume of air that remains when you expire as much as possible

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10
Q

Minimal Volume

A

natural collapsing force of lug down to a very small lung volume

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11
Q

P-V Curve

A

nonlinear; rest position of chest wall is very high; chest at lowest volumes is associated with negative pressure

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12
Q

FRC

A

functional residual capacity; where pressure of lung collapsing and chest wall expanding are equal due to mechanically linked systems; resting lung volume; energetically favorable

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13
Q

combined PV curve

A

total respiratory system (lung and chest wall); nonlinear

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14
Q

Low lung volumes

A

airway pressure is very negative

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15
Q

high lung volumes

A

airway pressure is positive

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16
Q

compliance

A

effects magnitude of stretch of lungs and pressure required to produce that stretch

17
Q

lung expansion

A

pleaural pressure becomes more negative

18
Q

As lung volume increases above FRc

A

net deflating force and inspriation active and expiration is passive return to FRC

19
Q

Increased Compliance

A

increase FRC, PV curve, curve shifts left

20
Q

Decreased Compliance

A

greater collasping force, decreases FRC, PV curve shufts right

21
Q

Tidal volume (Vt)

A

normal breath above FRC

22
Q

Vital Capacity (VC)

A

inspiration to maximum capacity followed by expiration to lowest volume possible

23
Q

Total Lung capacity (TLC)

A

vital capacity plus residual volume