lecture 4 avoidable tox disasters Flashcards
london fog and smog led to which act?
clean air act 1956 - reduced burning of coal and monitored quality of air
diethylene glycol used to dilute elixir led to which act?
Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act 1938 ensured drug is proven safe before placed on market
sulfathiazole antibiotic was replaced accidentally with phenobarbital in manufacturing
GMP - Good Manufacturing Practices
Transparency in manufacturing process
over the counter L-tryptophan supplement causing eosinophilia and myalgia syndrome led to which act?
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994cannot make claims for marketing but FDA does not regulate
most unintentional nondrug poisoning death?
Carbon monoxide (CO)
organophosphate poisoning
porphyria cutanea tarda
Hexacholorbenzene
flour contamination with methylenedianiline
epping jaundice
neuromuscular changes
aniline in rapeseed oil
melanosis
greatest mass poisoning in history
arsenic in ground water
teratogen
chronic brain damage
tunnel vision
congenital defects
methyl mercury
osteomalacia
cadmium
ginger jake paralysis
organophosphate induced delayed neuropathy
Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP)
congestive heart failure
cardiomyopathy
Cobalt
causes blindness and death if not treated
methanol
destuction of cells in substantia nigra
causes irreversible parkinsonism
MPPP (meperidine analog)
respiratory depression
antidote is Naloxone
fentanyl
anticholinergic poisoning
scopolamine
mutism and spastic quadriparesis
spongiform leukoencephalopathy
chasing the dragon
heroin + aluminum foil
phocomelia
sedative and antiemetic drug in pregnant women
Thalidomide
prevents miscarriages or premature delivery
causes breast cancer in mothers
endometiral/cervical/vaginal cancer in daughters
testicular cancer in sons
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Hepatic Angiosarcoma rate
Thorotrastomas
For radiographic IV contrast
contains thorium dioxice
Thorotrast
subacute myelooptic nerupathy
used as antibacterial and antiparasitic agent
Clioquinol
used as perservative in IV solutions
neonatal gasping syndrome
Benzyl Alcohol
eosinophilia myalgia syndrome
dietary supplement health and education act 1994
L-tryptophan
cardiac valvulopathy and pulmonary hypertension
fenfluramine and phentermine (fen-phen)
mad hatter disease
mercury
phossy jaw
mandibular osteonecrosis
white phosphorus
bladder tumors
dyemakers
Beta Naphthylamine
bladder tumors
dyemakers
Beta Naphthylamine
aplastic anemia
carcinogen
benzene
hepatic angiosarcoma
plastic workers
vinyl chloride
mesotheliomia, lung cancer
shipbuilding, insulating, fireproofing
asbestos
male cancers with infertility
factory workers
pesticides
chlorodecone - Organochlorine inseciticide
DBCP - soil fumigant
organochlorine chloracne heart/circulatory problems liver damage reduced reproductivity
dioxin - TCDD
bronchitis
london fog
vasospasm
gangrene
claviceps purpurea is an ergot fungus