Lecture 4: An Introduction to Organic Functional Groups

Question 1

A compound made up of a straight-chain of carbon atoms.

Answer 1

Acyclic

Question 2

A compound made up of Carbon atoms connected to each other in a ring.

Answer 2

Cyclic

Question 3

An atom or group of atoms that is unique to the structure and responsible for chemical reactivity.

Answer 3

Functional Group

Question 4

Contain C-C single bonds in a branched or unbranched chain.

Answer 4

Alkanes

Question 5

Contain at least one C-C double bond in a branched or unbranched chain.

Answer 5

Alkenes

Question 6

Contain at least one C-C triple bond in a branched or unbranched chain.

Answer 6

Alkynes

Question 7

Contain alternating C-C single and C-C double bonds within a ring.

Answer 7

Aromatics

Question 8

Contain a C-C chain and at least ONE halogen (F, Cl, Br, or I)

Answer 8

Alkyl Halides

Question 9

Contain a C-C chain with at least ONE hydroxyl (OH) group.

Answer 9

Alcohols

Question 10

Contain a C-C chain with at least ONE amino (NH2) group.

Answer 10

Amines

Question 11

Contain a C-C chain with at least ONE carbon in the chain replaced with an oxygen.

Answer 11

Ethers

Question 12

Contain a C-C chain with a CHO group at one end of the molecule.

Answer 12

Aldehydes

Question 13

Contain a C-C chain with a COR group within the chain.

Answer 13

Ketones

Question 14

Contain a C-C chain with a COOH group at one end of the molecules.

Answer 14

Carboxylic Acids

Question 15

Include all atoms, bonds, and lone pair electrons in the structure.

Answer 15

Structural Formula

Question 16

Include only atoms (no lines) in the structure. Multiple bonds are also included.

Answer 16

Condensed formula

Question 17

Include only lines in the structure. Heteroatoms and multiple bonds are also included.

Answer 17

Line-Bond Formulas

Question 18

The interactions that hold a compound together.

Answer 18

Intermolecular Forces

Question 19

Interactions that result from the movement of electrons within a molecule. Weakest of all intermolecular forces.

Answer 19

Van der Waals forces.

Question 20

Interaction that results from the attraction of oppositely charged atoms. Weaker than an H-Bond.

Answer 20

Dipole-Dipole Interaction.

Question 21

A complex interaction of oppositely charged atoms and orbital overlap. The highest energy of all intermolecular forces.

Answer 21

Hydrogen Bonding

Question 22

The temperature at which a liquid undergoes a phase change to gas.

Answer 22

Boiling Point

Question 23

Molecules with _____ boiling points possess strong IMFs and require a great deal of energy to disrupt these IMFs.

Answer 23

high

Question 24

Molecules with _____ boiling points possess weak IMFs and require less energy to disrupt these IMFs.

Answer 24

low

Question 25

The ability of one substance to dissolve another substance.

Answer 25

Solubility

Question 26

Organic functional groups that possess heteroatoms have polar bonds and can be water soluble if there are _____ or less carbons in the molecule.

Answer 26

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