Lecture 4 Flashcards
Nazi War Crimes
1946, 16/23 physicians brought before Nuremberg Tribunal –> Verdict led to formation of Nuremberg Code
Tuskegee Syphillis Study
1930-1972, A study of the natural history of untreated syphilis –> Served as part of the impetus for creating a publicly funded body for the protection of research participants
Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Study
1963, Cancer cell injections, oral consent yet were unaware of cancer cells
Willowbrook Study
Hepatitis in cognitively challenged children at a residential care facility
Nuremberg Code
Arose from 1947 verdict of the tribunal
Declaration of Helsinki
Code developed by world medical association, in response to the Nuremberg Code
Belmont Report
Long title, common rule in US. Canada has tri-council policy –> Current guiding principles are respect for persons, beneficence, justice
Basics of Ethical Research
Who, when, why, privacy, confidentiality, informed consent, assessing capacity to consent
WHO
WHO is a participant? Anyone except when unidentifiable through routine treatment (Expedited review in these cases)
WHEN
Protecting participants –> Direct / Indirect data collection
WHY
Promote safety & well-being of human participants
Privacy
Control over extent, timing, and circumstances of sharing oneself.
Confidentiality
Pertains to the treatment of information that an individual has disclosed within a relationship of trust
Informed Consent
Written, researcher is responsible for ensuring the participant has consented to participate.
Elements of Informed Consent
Knowledge of research purpose, procedures, risks & potential benefits, alternatives, confidentiality, contact info
