Lecture 1

Question 1

Method of Tenacity

Answer 1

One of the ways of knowing, always believed.

Question 2

Method of Intuition

Answer 2

One of the ways of knowing, feels good.

Question 3

Method of Authority

Answer 3

One of the ways of knowing, respected source.

Question 4

Method of Science

Answer 4

Empirical / Objective

Question 5

Characteristics of Scientific Explanations

Answer 5

Based on lawfulness & determinism, systematic & empirically based (constructs & reification), parsimonious, general & falsifiable

Question 6

Model of research process

Answer 6

Generating idea (lit review), refine idea (operational definitions), determine appropriate design, data collection, data analysis & data interpretation

Question 7

Basic vs Applied

Answer 7

Basic research obtains empirical data that tests theory while applied solves an immediate practical problem.

Question 8

Exp vs Non-exp

Answer 8

Exp research manipulates an independent variable (IV) whereas non-exp does not. Exp research is the most reliable source of evidence.

Question 9

Quasi-experimental research

Answer 9

Involves the assignment of subjects to conditions, rather than the manipulation of IV

Question 10

Descriptive

Answer 10

Involves describing a sample or population, to document their characteristics.

Question 11

Developmental Research

Answer 11

A form of descriptive research, it investigates patterns of growth & changes over time

Question 12

Normative research

Answer 12

A form of descriptive research, focuses on establishing normal values for specific variables

Question 13

Qualitative Research

Answer 13

A form of descriptive research, collects ecologically valid information, usually through interview or observation

Question 14

Exploratory Research

Answer 14

Exploring a phenomenon of interests, and exploring its dimensions, including how it relates to other factors

Question 15

Correlational Models

Answer 15

In exploratory research they may suggest relationships. Generally stem from non experimental research

Question 16

Predictive Models

Answer 16

In exploratory research they may address questions of casuality. Generally stems from experimental research.

Question 17

Quantitative vs Qualitative

Answer 17

Quantitative uses numerical data while qualitative is more subjective & narrative info.

Question 18

Components of a research paper

Answer 18

Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion

Question 19

Abstract

Answer 19

A single paragraph describing the whole project –> Why, Who, How, What, Significance of results

Question 20

Introduction

Answer 20

Outline of pertinent research that has already been done –> Conext, the problem, why your approach is valid, clearly outline the problem

Question 21

Methods

Answer 21

Participants, Apparatus / Materials, Procedures, Statistical analysis (optional)

Question 22

Results

Answer 22

Presented as simply as possible

Question 23

Discussion

Answer 23

Similarities and differences of your work vs findings from other authors, potential applications of this info, limitations of the research, directions for future research