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Animal locomotion - Uni Year 2 > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of energy?

A

Kinetic,gravitational,Elastic,Heat

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2
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy of motion

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3
Q

What is gravitational energy (potential energy)?

A

Energy in relation to another mass (earth)

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4
Q

What is the center of mass?

A

The center of mass is the unique point at the center of a distribution of mass in space that has the property that the weighted position vectors relative to this point sum to zero.

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5
Q

What is elastic energy?

A

Energy stored by deformation of an object

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6
Q

What is gravitational and elastic energy released as?

A

Kinetic energy

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7
Q

What are potential, kinetic and elastic energy forms of?

A

mechanical energy

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8
Q

If mechanical energy increases what are muscles doing?

A

positive work

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9
Q

What do muscles do?

A

Contract and exert force

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10
Q

What is positive work?

A

exerted as muscles contract

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11
Q

What is negative work?

A

exerted as muscles lengthen

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12
Q

What is the main energy source for muscles?

A

ATP

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13
Q

What is myosin a catalyst for splitting?

A

ATP —- ADP

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14
Q

How does the body produce ATP?

A

Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration

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15
Q

What is oxygen used for?

A

Breaking down ATP

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16
Q

What is the non-transport cost

A

Basal metabolic rate

17
Q

What are transport costs?

A

Power,forces overcome eg friction,drag and gravity

18
Q

What happens to the metabolic rate as speed increases?

A

Increases

19
Q

What is geometric similarity?

A

if linear dimensions are multiplied by the same factor

20
Q

Trouble with being small?

A

Heat loss and small stride lengths

21
Q

Trouble with being long?

A

Nerve transmissions take longer

22
Q

Trouble with being tall?

A

Blood pressure

23
Q

Trouble with being heavy?

A

Larger transport costs

24
Q

What is dynamic symilarity?

A

if all lengths are multiplied by the same factor

Animal locomotion - Uni Year 2 (18 decks)

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