Lecture 4 Flashcards
What is Piaget’s Theory ?
the theory which posits that cognitive development involves a sequence of four stages that are constructed through the processes of assimilation, accomidation, and equilibrium
What is assimilation ?
the process by which people incorporate incoming information into concpets they already understand
What is accomidation?
the process by which people improve thier current understadning in response to their new experiences
What is equilibrium ?
the process by which people balance assimilation and accomadation to create stable understanding
What is the sensorimotor stage ?
infant’s intelligence is expressed through their sensory and motor abilities
What is object permanence ?
the knowledge that objects continue to exist even when they are out of view
What is the A-not-B error ?
the tendency to reach for a hidden object where it was last found rather than in the new location where it was last hidden
What is deferred imitation ?
the repetition of other’s people’s behaviour minutes, hours, or even days after it occured
What is the preoperational stage ?
toddlers and preschoolers become able to represent their experiences in language, mental images, and symbolic thought
What is symbolic representation ?
the use of one object, word, or thought to stand for another
What is egocentrism ?
perceiving the world solely from one’s own point of view
What is centration ?
often focus on a single, perceptually striking featrue of an object or event to the exclusion of other relevant features
What is the conservation concept ?
changing the appearnace or arrangement of objects does not necessarily change other key properties
What is the concrete operational stage ?
children can reason logically about concrete objects and events
What is the formal operational stage ?
adolescents and adults can think deeply not only about concrete events but also about abstractions and purely hypotehtical situations
