Lecture 37- Proteus, Haemophilus, Vibrio, & Yersinia

Question 1

Describe proteus group infections

Answer 1

found in feces
very resistant to antibodies
PROTEUS MIRABILIS
isolated from complicated cystitis (bladder infection, #1 infection)
burn infections
DOC is ampicllin
PROTEUS VULGARIS
type specimen- specimen represents the whole genus
causes same things as MIRABILIS, but occurs less frequently
DOC is ceftriazone, cefotaxime, or cephempine
MORGANELLA MORGANII
infantile diarrhea
DOC is ceftriazone, cefotaxime, or cephempine
PROVIDENCIA STUARTII
burn infections
DOC is ceftriazone, cefotaxime, or cephempine

Question 2

Describe Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 2

G- rod
fastidious, grown on chocolate agar
capneic incudation- high CO2, low O2
capsule
common in oral cavity
CAUSES
meningitis- 3rd most common cause. Vaccination of the young has left only the elderly at risk
otitis media- 2nd most common cause of middle ear infection
acute bacteria epiglottis- swelling of the epiglottis, may result in death
pneumonia
TREATMENT
life threatening- ceftriaxone or cefotaxime
not life threatening- bactrim (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim)

Question 3

Describe haemophilus aegyptius

Answer 3

causes pink eye (conjunctivitis)
highly contagious
DOC is tetracycline or sulfonamide

Question 4

Describe haemophilus ducreyi

Answer 4

STD more common in tropical areas
causes chancroid (soft chancres)
DOC is ceftriaxone or azithromycin

Question 5

Describe vibrio cholerae

Answer 5

causes cholera- severe diarrhea
endemic- isolated to Asia near Ganges river (alkaline, salty water)
produces cholera toxin- causes a lot of mucous in diarrhea
50% mortality rate without treatment
Treatment is fluid support and tetracycline

Question 6

Describe yersinia pestis

Answer 6

causes black plague
killed 1/3 of the world's population
carried by fleas on rodents
DOC is streptomycin and tetracycline
BUBONIC FORM
swollen lymph nodes
90% mortality rate
PNEUOBONIC FORM
follows bubonic stage
digests lungs
100% mortality rate
droplet infection