Lecture 35- Salmonela & Shigella

Question 1

Describe what salmonella causes?

Answer 1

salmonellosis (food poisoning)

Typhoid fever

Question 2

What is the etiology of salmonellosis?

Answer 2

Salmonella (enterica serovar) typhimurium

Salmonella (enterica serovar) enteriditis- causes diarrhea, chicken eggs

Question 3

What is the transmission and symptoms of Salmonellosis?

Answer 3

transmitted from animal feces
ID50 is 100,000-1 billion
SYMPTOMS
cramps
diarrhea
nausea
vomiting
fever
headache

Question 4

What is the treatment of salmonellosis?

Answer 4

self limiting
DOC is cephtriaxole or ceftriaxime (for immunocompromised)
Keep patient hydrated, electrolytes

Question 5

Describe typhoid fever

Answer 5

Salmonella typhi
spread by human feces
ID50 is 1000 to 10,000
symptoms are high fever, septicemia, vomiting, diarrhea, ulceration (GI tissue wears away), perforations in intestines
can last for a month with a 10-15% mortality rate without treatment
DOC is ciprofloxacin or cephtriaxone

Question 6

Describe the organisms which cause Shigellosis

Answer 6

Shigella sonnei (N USA)
Shigella flexneri (S USA)
Shigella dysenteria (Asia)- most serious, produce shiga toxin

Question 7

Describe shiga toxin

Answer 7

produced by shigella dysenteria
exotoxin
causes hemorrhaging in GI tract

Question 8

Describe shigellosis

Answer 8

Caused by shigella genus
produce endotoxins and exotoxins
transmitted through human feces- improperly cooked food
ID50 is 200
infects large intestine- diarrhea with blood
self limiting
DOC is ciprofloxacin if very serious (shiga toxin)