Lecture 30- Plant Nutrition

Question 1

where do plant roots absorb essential elements from?

Answer 1

soil
water
air

Question 2

how many chemical elements are essential to plants?

Answer 2

17
essential for life cycle and reproduction

Question 3

what are the 9 macronutrients? (in order from most needed amount to least)

Answer 3

carbon
oxygen
hydrogen
nitrogen
potassium
calcium
magnesium
phosphorus
sulfer

Question 4

what are the 9 micronutrients? (in order from most needed amount to least)

Answer 4

chlorine
iron
manganese
boron
zinc
copper
nickel
molybdenum

Question 5

why do plants turn yellow when they have nutrient difficiency?

Answer 5

because of the breakdown (loss) of chloroplasts

Question 6

what is a mobile nutrient?

Answer 6

can move from place to place within the plant

Question 7

what are some mobile nutrients?

Answer 7

N
P
K
Mg
Cl
Zn
Mo

Question 8

what is a less mobile nutrient?

Answer 8

get stuck on one part of the plant and cant move

Question 9

what are some less mobile nutrients?

Answer 9

Ca
S
Fe
B
Cu

Question 10

what is the difference between mobile nutrient deficiency and less mobile nutrient deficiency?

Answer 10

mobile: affects older organs more than young ones
less mobile: affects younger organs more than older organs

Question 11

what do plants do during drought stress, why?

Answer 11

curl in on themselves to preserve as much water as possible

Question 12

in the nitrogen cycle what does N2 get transfered into?

Answer 12

a nitrogen source that they can use
bacteria transforms N2 into NH4 and NO3-

Question 13

along a legumes roots are nodules, what do they contain?

Answer 13

nitrogen fixing rhizobium

Question 14

what does nodule rhizobium bacteria turn into?

Answer 14

bacteroids

Question 15

fungi benefit from a steady supply of sugar from the host, how does the host benefit from this?

Answer 15

because the fungus increases the SA of the plant (helps with more uptake of water and nutrients)

Question 16

what is mycorrhizae?

Answer 16

associations of fungus and roots (the role of the fungus in the rhizosphere)

Question 17

what are the two major types of mycorrhizae?

Answer 17

ectomycorrhizae
arbuscular mycorrhizae

Question 18

what does the ectomycorrhizae do?

Answer 18

forms a dense fungal sheath over the surface of the root
goes into the cells but stops at the endodermis (due to suberin)

Question 19

what does the arbuscular mycorrhizae do?

Answer 19

penetrates the cell wall but not the plasma membrane

Question 20

some plants have nutritional adaptations that use another organism, what are 3 of them?

Answer 20

epiphytes
parasitic
carnivorous

Question 21

what does an epiphyte plant do?

Answer 21

grows on another plant (to get more sunlight for photosynthesis)

Question 22

what does a parasitic plant do?

Answer 22

absorbs sugars from other plants (basically kills other plants in the process)

Question 23

what does a carnivorous plant do?

Answer 23

has modified leaves to kill insects
ex. venus flytrap, pitcher plants