Lecture 24- Angiosperms

Question 1

angiosperms are enclosed seeds, what are they enclosed in?

Answer 1

a carpel

Question 2

do angiosperms have flowers or fruits?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

what are the 4 major structures of a flower?

Answer 3

stamen
carpel
petal
sepal

Question 4

what does the stamen do?

Answer 4

produces pollen
houses microspores

Question 5

what does the stamen consist of?

Answer 5

anther (produces pollen)
filament (long stalk that pushes on the anther so that pollen is easier to get at for pollinators and for wind dispersal)

Question 6

what does an anther consist of?

Answer 6

microsporangium (after meiosis each microsporangium contains spore tetrads)
microsporocytes (each microspore produces pollen grains)

Question 7

what does the carpel do?

Answer 7

produces ovules

Question 8

what does the carpel consist of?

Answer 8

ovary (protects the ovule)
stigma (receives pollen)
style (elivates stigma to make accessible to pollinators)

Question 9

what does the petal do?

Answer 9

brightly colored to attract pollinators

Question 10

what does the sepal do?

Answer 10

encloses and protects the flower

Question 11

what is the lifecycle of an angiosperm?

Answer 11

fertilization
zygote (2n)/ endosperm (3n)
seed (2n)
sporophyte plant/ mature flower (2n)
for female: ovary from the flower (2n) undergoes meiosis, to produce the female gametophyte/ embryonic sac (n)
for male: anther from the flower (2n) undergoes meiosis, microsporangia of anthers produce male gametophyte/ pollen grain (n),
pollen grain lands on the carpel and germinates

Question 12

what does the embryo consist of?

Answer 12

root and two cotyledons (seed leaves)

Question 13

what does the embryonic sac consist of?

Answer 13

egg (one sperm fertilized the egg)
central cell (other sperm combines with two nuclei to initiate food storing endosperm)

Question 14

when does double fertilization occur?

Answer 14

when the pollen tube discharges two sperm into the female gametophyte

Question 15

are angiosperms dicots/ eudicots or monocots?

Answer 15

monocots

Question 16

monocot seeds pop when heated, why?

Answer 16

because they have a very starchy endosperm
ex. corn, maize, grass, wheat

Question 17

what are 3 important features about monocots?

Answer 17

embryo (2n)
endosperm (3n)
seed coat

Question 18

what tissue type is the embryo apart of?

Answer 18

dermal
ground
vascular

Question 19

where are the SAM and RAM established?

Answer 19

embryo

Question 20

what creates the triploid endosperm?

Answer 20

central cell

Question 21

what type of root do monocots have?

Answer 21

fibrous root system (lateral and adventitious roots)

Question 22

what pattern are the veins on leaves of monocots?

Answer 22

parallel veins (goes up and down)