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Kinesiology Exam One > Lecture 3: ROM and MMT > Flashcards

Lecture 3: ROM and MMT Flashcards

1
Q

What can be viewed as abnormal movement?

A

dysfunction

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2
Q

Treatment for limited motion will consist of:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. mobilization of joint structures
  2. stretching of muscles
  3. strengthening of muscles
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3
Q

TRUE or FALSE

For increased movement, laxity or instability, treatment is NOT MOBILIZATION but stabilization and strengthening.

A

TRUE

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4
Q

Name 3 factors that can cause dysfunctional movements (limitations). There are many.

A
  1. fractures
  2. displacement of fibrocartilage
  3. foreign bodies in the joint
  4. bony obstructions
  5. soft tissue contractures
  6. muscle spasticity
  7. muscular weakness
  8. pain
  9. edema
  10. tightness of skin
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5
Q

Treatment will be directed at restoring loss of motion at a joint for what reasons? Give me 3 (there are many!).

A
  1. restore normal mobility
  2. increase function
  3. prevent substitution and compensatory movement
  4. decrease pain
  5. aid stretched antagonist muscles
  6. increase activity/work tolerance
  7. improve cosmesis (how it looks ex: after a stroke elbow or wrist can be flexed awkwardly)
  8. increase hygiene
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6
Q

PROM or AROM:

*Range available at a joint when moved by outside force. Evaluation of 1 thing only: range of motion.

A

Passive ROM

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7
Q

PROM or AROM:

*Range through which a person can move a joint using own muscle power. Evaluation of 2 things: ROM & muscle strength.

A

Active ROME

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8
Q

Which is not a purpose of measurement of ROM?

  1. Measure progress objectively
  2. Measure progress subjectively
  3. Determine treatment goals, modalities, positioning techniques
  4. Determine limitations
  5. Record progression or regression
A
  1. Measure progress subjectively
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9
Q

Before measuring joint ROM, therapist should be familiar with what 5 things?

A
  1. average ROM
  2. joint structure & function
  3. normal end feels
  4. recommended positioning for self & patient
  5. bony landmarks (3 bony landmarks per measurement!)
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10
Q

For measuring ROM, therapist should be skilled in correctly performing what 4 tasks?

A
  1. positioning & stabilization for measurement
  2. palpatation
  3. alignment & reading of goni
  4. recording measurements accurately
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11
Q

For measuring ROM, therapist (through visual observation) should observe what 3 things?

A
  1. ask patient to move through ROM if able
  2. look for compensatory movements, posture, muscle contours, skin color, condition, skin creases & compare join with no-injured part
  3. therapist should then move part through PROM to see and feel how the joint moves & to estimate ROM
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12
Q

For joint measurement, therapist must _____ to locate bony landmarks for placing __________. (bolded in lecture notes!)

A

palpate; goniometer

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13
Q

Contraindicated means what?

EXAM QUESTION

A

do not perform test

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14
Q

When is ROM test contraindicated? 3 situations

EXAM QUESTION

A
  1. joint dislocation or unhealed fracture
  2. immediately following surgery (except knee)
  3. presence of myositis ossificans (calcification in muscle)
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15
Q

Take Precautions means what?

EXAM QUESTION

A

extreme caution for testing, means you do perform ROM with great care

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16
Q

Name 3 ROM precaution situations. There are 7.

EXAM QUESTION

A
  1. joint inflammation
  2. patient is taking pain meds or muscle relaxants
  3. osteoporosis
  4. hypermobility or subluxation of a joint
  5. patient has hemophilia
  6. there is a hematoma
  7. bony ankylosis is suspected (abnormal union of bones of a joint)
17
Q

What is the resistance to further motion called?

A

end feel (takes practice and sensitivity to feel end feels)

18
Q

Example of hard end feel.

A

elbow extension

19
Q

Example of firm end feel.

A

hip flexion, ankle dosiflexion

20
Q

Example of soft end feel

A

knee flexion, elbow flexion

21
Q

Goniometer measures angles in ______

A

degrees

22
Q

MMT meausres what?

A

muscle strength

23
Q

What can restrict the performance of occupational role, thus preventing independent self-care as well as pursuit of vocational, leisure, and social activities?

A

muscle weakness

24
Q

What is NOT a purpose for evaluating mm strength?

  1. evaluate the effectiveness of treatment
  2. determine baseline for treatment
  3. prevent deformities that can result from imbalances of strength
  4. determine need for assistive devices
  5. none… all are reasons for testing
A
  1. none… all are reasons for testing
25
Q

Using a functional scale, what grade of MMT would be described?

*muscle strength means patient is able to perform all ordinary ADLs with undue fatigue

A

4, 5

26
Q

Using a functional scale, what grade of MMT would be described?

*are completely dependent & can’t perform ADLs without externally powered devices

A

0, 1

27
Q

Using a functional scale, what grade of MMT would be described?

*can move parts against gravity & perform light tasks requiring light or no resistance; patient has low endurance & will fatigue more easily; may do ADLs with frequent rest periods

A

3 fair

28
Q

Using a functional scale, what grade of MMT would be described?

*below functional range but patient can perform some ADLs with mechanical assistance and ROM can be maintained independently; can eat finger foods & do light hygiene; low endurance is a problem

A

2 poor

29
Q

______ is a form of resistance to muscle power.

A

gravity

30
Q

What are MMT contraindications?

There are 4 of them.

A
  1. joint dislocation or unhealed fracture
  2. immediately following surgery
  3. presence of myositis ossificans
  4. pain and inflammation
31
Q

What are MMT precautions? There are 8 of them.

A
  1. patient is taking medication for pain or muscle relaxants
  2. osteoporosis
  3. hypermobility
  4. hemophilia
  5. cardiovascular disease
  6. abdominal surgery
  7. abdominal hernia
  8. when fatigue can exacerbate patient’s condition
32
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Validity and accuracy depends on knowledge and skill in observation, palpation, positioning, and consistency with performance and documentation.

A

TRUE

Kinesiology Exam One (9 decks)

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