Lecture 3: ROM and MMT Flashcards
What can be viewed as abnormal movement?
dysfunction
Treatment for limited motion will consist of:
1.
2.
3.
- mobilization of joint structures
- stretching of muscles
- strengthening of muscles
TRUE or FALSE
For increased movement, laxity or instability, treatment is NOT MOBILIZATION but stabilization and strengthening.
TRUE
Name 3 factors that can cause dysfunctional movements (limitations). There are many.
- fractures
- displacement of fibrocartilage
- foreign bodies in the joint
- bony obstructions
- soft tissue contractures
- muscle spasticity
- muscular weakness
- pain
- edema
- tightness of skin
Treatment will be directed at restoring loss of motion at a joint for what reasons? Give me 3 (there are many!).
- restore normal mobility
- increase function
- prevent substitution and compensatory movement
- decrease pain
- aid stretched antagonist muscles
- increase activity/work tolerance
- improve cosmesis (how it looks ex: after a stroke elbow or wrist can be flexed awkwardly)
- increase hygiene
PROM or AROM:
*Range available at a joint when moved by outside force. Evaluation of 1 thing only: range of motion.
Passive ROM
PROM or AROM:
*Range through which a person can move a joint using own muscle power. Evaluation of 2 things: ROM & muscle strength.
Active ROME
Which is not a purpose of measurement of ROM?
- Measure progress objectively
- Measure progress subjectively
- Determine treatment goals, modalities, positioning techniques
- Determine limitations
- Record progression or regression
- Measure progress subjectively
Before measuring joint ROM, therapist should be familiar with what 5 things?
- average ROM
- joint structure & function
- normal end feels
- recommended positioning for self & patient
- bony landmarks (3 bony landmarks per measurement!)
For measuring ROM, therapist should be skilled in correctly performing what 4 tasks?
- positioning & stabilization for measurement
- palpatation
- alignment & reading of goni
- recording measurements accurately
For measuring ROM, therapist (through visual observation) should observe what 3 things?
- ask patient to move through ROM if able
- look for compensatory movements, posture, muscle contours, skin color, condition, skin creases & compare join with no-injured part
- therapist should then move part through PROM to see and feel how the joint moves & to estimate ROM
For joint measurement, therapist must _____ to locate bony landmarks for placing __________. (bolded in lecture notes!)
palpate; goniometer
Contraindicated means what?
EXAM QUESTION
do not perform test
When is ROM test contraindicated? 3 situations
EXAM QUESTION
- joint dislocation or unhealed fracture
- immediately following surgery (except knee)
- presence of myositis ossificans (calcification in muscle)
Take Precautions means what?
EXAM QUESTION
extreme caution for testing, means you do perform ROM with great care
Name 3 ROM precaution situations. There are 7.
EXAM QUESTION
- joint inflammation
- patient is taking pain meds or muscle relaxants
- osteoporosis
- hypermobility or subluxation of a joint
- patient has hemophilia
- there is a hematoma
- bony ankylosis is suspected (abnormal union of bones of a joint)
What is the resistance to further motion called?
end feel (takes practice and sensitivity to feel end feels)
Example of hard end feel.
elbow extension
Example of firm end feel.
hip flexion, ankle dosiflexion
Example of soft end feel
knee flexion, elbow flexion
Goniometer measures angles in ______
degrees
MMT meausres what?
muscle strength
What can restrict the performance of occupational role, thus preventing independent self-care as well as pursuit of vocational, leisure, and social activities?
muscle weakness
What is NOT a purpose for evaluating mm strength?
- evaluate the effectiveness of treatment
- determine baseline for treatment
- prevent deformities that can result from imbalances of strength
- determine need for assistive devices
- none… all are reasons for testing
- none… all are reasons for testing
