[lecture 3] Molecules of Life (fats, vitamins, minerals) Flashcards
two ends of fatty acids
alpha end and omega end
saturated fats
C-C
unsaturated fats
C double bond C
trans fats
common in processed foods, dont have kinks
cis fats
have kinks
essential fats
not produced by body
non essential fats
produced by body
what are liposomes
- lipid bilayer
- hollow from the inside
what are micelles
single layer of phospholipids
what is cholesterol
- sterol (steroid alcohol)
- synthesized in liver
- acquired from food
- regulates membrane fluidity
examples of sterols
sex hormones are sterols.
1. testosterone
2. estrogen
what is cell membrane’s other name
lipid-protein composite
mass of carbohydrates and proteins and fats needed
10 grams
wht type of molecule is vitamins
organic molecules
wht type of molecule is minerals
inorganic molecules
water soluble vs fat soluble vitamins
water soluble: B1, B2, C
fat soluble: A, D, E, K
essential vitamins
A B C D E K
vitamin A: function + deficiency
function: vision
deficiency: night blindness, cornea clouding
vitamin B: function + deficiency
function: coenzymes for biochemical pathways
deficiency: pellagra, lesions, anaemia
vitamin C: function + deficiency
function: promotes collagen synthesis, antioxidant
deficiency: scurvy, anaemia, joint pain
vitamin D: function + deficiency
function: regulates calcium absorption
deficiency: rickets, loss of muscle tissue
vitamin E: function + deficiency
function: reducing agent (scavenges free radicals in the body)
deficiency: fragile capillaries and haemolysis of RBCs
vitamin K: function + deficiency
function: blood coagulation (liquid to semi solid or solid state)
deficiency: delayed blood clotting
what is another way vit D can be obtained
made by skin by breakdown of dehydrocholesterol
