Lecture 3 - Blood Supply and Innervations

Question 1

blood supply for thigh: femoral artery - passage top to bottom (3) & which section of the thigh it supplies

Answer 1

• enters lower limb at inguinal ligament
• travels down the anteromedial aspect of the thigh
• passes through the adductor canal (hiatus)
• supplies anterior thigh

Question 2

blood supply for thigh: femoral artery branches (3)

Answer 2

• profunda femoris (deep artery of the thigh)
• lateral circumflex femoral artery
• medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 3

blood supply for thigh: profunda femoris (deep artery) - passage top to bottom (2) & which section of the thigh it supplies

Answer 3

• passes between muscles of the medial compartment
• pierces the medial compartment muscle
• supplies blood to the posterior thigh

Question 4

blood supply for thigh: lateral circumflex femoral artery (3)

Answer 4

• short branch of the deep femoral artery
• curves around the neck of femur = “circumflex”
• contributes blood: anterior thigh and hip joint

Question 5

blood supply for thigh: medial circumflex femoral artery (4)

Answer 5

• posteromedial branch of deep femoral artery
• courses around neck of femur
  emerges in gluteal region
• supplies blood to: posterior thigh and hip joint

Question 6

blood supply for knee: arteries top to bottom (5)

Answer 6

• popliteal artery
• geniculate arteries
• posterior recurrent tibial artery
• anterior tibial artery
• posterior tibial artery

Question 7

blood supply for knee: popliteal artery where does it enter and where does it supply blood to? (2)

Answer 7

• enters leg at the base of the popliteal fossa
• supplies blood to knee joint and superifical posterior leg

Question 8

blood supply for knee: posterior tibial recurrent artery (3)

Answer 8

• branches laterally from popliteal artery
• moves superior = “recurrent”
• supplies blood to proximal end of fibula and, tibia

Question 9

blood supply for knee: anterior tibial artery

Answer 9

• originates posteriorly
• branches laterally
• pierces interosseus membrane
• runs deep on top of the interosseus membrane
• terminates in foot
• supplies blood to anterior leg

Question 10

blood supply for knee: what do the anterior tibial arteries branch into?

Answer 10

anterior tibial recurrent artery - terminates superiorly at the anterior knee joint, supplies blood to knee joint

Question 11

blood supply for knee: posterior tibial arteries

Answer 11

• runs between the superficial and deep posterior muscle groups
• terminates in foot
• supply blood to posterior leg

Question 12

blood supply for knee: fibular artery

Answer 12

• runs down parallel and lateral to tibial artery
• supplies blood to: lateral leg and superficial posterior leg

Question 13

blood supply foot: dorsum of the foot

Answer 13

• enters via the anterior tibial artery
• bifurcates at the dorsum of the foot
• deep plantar artery branches posteriorly
• supplies: dorsum of the foot and digits

Question 14

blood supply foot: dorsum of the foot - arteries top to bottom (5)

Answer 14

• anterior tibial artery
• lateral tarsal artery or dorsalis pedis artery
• arcuate artery
• deep plantar artery

Question 15

blood supply foot: plantar surface of the foot

Answer 15

• enters via the posterior tibial artery
• curves under the medial calcaneus
• supplies: plantar surface of the foot, digits

Question 16

blood supply foot: plantar surface of the foot - arteries top to bottom (5)

Answer 16

• deep plantar artery
• deep plantar arch
• lateral plantar artery
• medial plantar artery
• posterior tibial artery
• calcaneus

Question 17

venous drainage: veins of the foot

Answer 17

• anterior tibial veins
• great saphenous vein
• plantar venous network of the foot or dorsal venous network of the foot

Question 18

venous drainage: veins of the leg

Answer 18

• popliteal vein
  anteior:
• great saphenous vein
• anterior tibial veins (or posterior tibial vein)
• venous network of the foot

Question 18

Empties into the femoral vein

Answer 18

empties into the femoral vein

Question 18

femoral vein

Answer 18

• ascends from the popliteal vein
• ascends to the iguinal region

Question 19

innervation

Question 20

lumbosacral plexus

Answer 20

lumbar plexus and sacral plexus - obturator nerve, femoral nerve, sciatic nerve

Question 21

lumbar plexus

Answer 21

L1-L5

Question 22

sacral plexus

Answer 22

S1-S4

Question 23

foramens and ligaments in lumbosacral plexus

Answer 23

greater sciatic foramen, inguinal ligament, obturator foramen

Question 24

innervations of the thigh:

Answer 24

obturator nerve, femoral nerve, sciatic nerve

Question 25

obturator nerve

Answer 25

- runs down the anterior medial aspect of thigh - terminates in thigh - medial thigh muscles - skin over the proximal part of the medial thigh

Question 26

femoral nerve

Answer 26

- descends the anterior thigh to leg - divides into branches - anterior thigh muscles - skin of anteromedial thigh and medial aspects of knee, leg and foot

Question 27

sciatic nerve

Answer 27

- runs inferiorly between the medial and posterior thigh compartment - gives off muscular branches - posterior thigh muscle

Question 28

innervation of the leg and foot

Answer 28

sciatic nerve termination, tibial nerve, fibular nerve

Question 29

sciatic nerve termination

Answer 29

- terminates at the popliteal fossa - diving into two branches - tibial nerve - fibular nerve

Question 30

tibial nerve

Answer 30

- continues down the posterior aspect of the leg - terminates at the heel of the foot - posterior leg muscle and majority of foot muscles - sole of the foot and posterior leg

Question 31

fibular (peroneal) nerve

Answer 31

- curves around the head of the fibula - once in anterior compartment of the leg, divides into 3 branches - terminates in the foot

Question 32

fibular nerve

Answer 32

- lateral and anterior leg muscle - medial aspect of foot muscles - lateral leg and dorsum of the foot