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ANAT 315 Term 2 > Lecture 2 - Pelvic Floor and Gluteal Muscles > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Pelvic Floor and Gluteal Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the parts of the proximal femur? top -> bottom (9)

A
  • head
  • fovea (only in posterior view)
    -neck
  • greater trochanter
  • trochanteric fossa (only in posterior view)
  • lesser trochanter
  • intertrochanteric crest (only in posterior view)
  • intertrochanteric line (only in anterior view)
  • gluteal tuberosity (only in posterior view)
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2
Q

What are the muscles of the pelvic floor? (2)

A
  • ischiococcygeus
  • levator ani
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3
Q

Ischiococcygeus: origin

A

sacrum (inferior end)

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4
Q

Ischiococcygeus: insertion

A

ischial spine

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5
Q

Ischiococcygeus: action

A

supports pelvic viscera

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6
Q

Leavtor ani: origins (2)

A

pubis, superior pubic ramus

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7
Q

Leavtor ani: insertions (II)

A

anococcyygeal ligament, coccyx

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8
Q

Leavtor ani: action

A

supports pelvic viscera

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9
Q

What does a hiatus mean?

A

an opening

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10
Q

Functions of the pelvic floor (3)

A
  • supports abdominal and pelvic viscera
  • forms the anal and urogenital hiatueses
  • resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure (ex: stops you from peeing when you sneeze)
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11
Q

What are the lateral rotators?
lateral (3) -> medial (3)

A
  • piriformis
  • obturator internus
  • obturator externus (not seen in posterior view)
  • gemellus superior
  • gemellus inferior
  • quadratus femoris
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12
Q

Piriformis: origin

A

pelvic surface of the sacrum

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13
Q

Piriformis: insertion

A

apex of the greater trochanter of the femur

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14
Q

Piriformis: actions (3)

A
  • lateral rotation of hip joint
  • abduction of hip joint
  • extension of hip joint
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15
Q

Sciatic nerve: origin

A

lumbosacral plexus (L4, L5, S1, S2, S3)

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16
Q

What muscle is the sciatic nerve inferior to?

A

the piriformis

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17
Q

What hole does the sciatic nerve pass through?

A

the greater sciatic foramen

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18
Q

Obturator externus: origin

A

outer surface of the obturator membrane

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19
Q

Obturator externus: insertion

A

trochanteric fossa of the femur

20
Q

Obturator externus: actions (2)

A
  • lateral roation of the hip joint
  • adductions of the hip joint
21
Q

Obturator internus: origin

A

inner sruface of the obturator membrane

22
Q

Obturator internus: insertion

A

medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

23
Q

Obturator internus: actions (3)

A
  • lateral rotation of the hip joint
  • adduction of the hip joint
  • extension of the hip joint
24
Q

Gemellus superior: origin

A

ischial spine

25
Q

Gemellus superior: insertion

A

medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur (with obturator internus tendon)

26
Q

Gemellus superior: actions (3)

A
  • lateral rotation of the hip joint
  • adduction of the hip joint
  • extension of the hip joint
27
Q

Gemellus inferior: origin

A

ischial tuberosity

28
Q

Gemellus inferior: insertion

A

greater trochanter of the femur

29
Q

Gemellus inferior: actions (3)

A
  • lateral rotation of the hip joint
  • adduction of the hip joint
  • extension of the hip joint
30
Q

What muscles make up the “Gemellus sandwich”? top to bottom

A

gemellus superior - obturator internus - gemellus inferior

31
Q

Quadratus femoris: origin

A

lateral border of the ischial tuberosity

32
Q

Quadratus femoris: insertion

A

intertrochanteric crest of femur

33
Q

Quadratus femoris: actions (2)

A
  • lateral rotation of the hip joint
  • adduction of the hip joint
34
Q

Gluteus maximus: origins (4)

A
  • sacrum
  • ilium
  • thoracolumbar fascia
  • sacrotuberous ligament
35
Q

Gluteus maximus: insertions (2)

A
  • iliotibial tract
  • gluteal tubersority of the femur
36
Q

Gluteus maximus: actions (3)

A
  • extension
  • lateral rotation
  • adduction
37
Q

Gluteus medius: origin

38
Q

Gluteus medius: insertion

A

greater trochanter of the femur

39
Q

Gluteus medius: action

A

abduction of the hip joint

40
Q

Gluteus minimus: origin

41
Q

Gluteus minimus: insertion

A

greater trochanter of the femur

42
Q

Gluteus minimus: action

A

abduction of the hip

43
Q

Tensor fasciae latae (TFL): origin

A

anterior superior iliac spine

44
Q

Tensor fasciae latae (TFL): insertion

A

iliotibial tract

45
Q

Tensor fasciae latae (TFL): actions (3)

A
  • abduction of the hip joint
  • flexion of the hip joint
  • medial rotation of the hip joint

ANAT 315 Term 2 (9 decks)

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