Lecture 3- Axial Skeleton Flashcards

Mastery

1
Q

thoracic cage functions

A

SMMP
protect organs
support weight of upper limbs
Attachment site for muscles
move for proper respiration

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2
Q

bones of sternum

A

Manubrium
Sternum
Xiphoid Process

Manubriosternal joint

Xiphisternal joint

Costal cartilage

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3
Q

Number of ribs and joints

superior thoracic aperture

A

7 true ribs
3 false ribs
2 floating

sternocostal joints

allows for comms between upper limbs and head and body

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4
Q

Vertebral columns functions

A

SMMP
Protect
support weight superior to pelvic
Posture and locomotion
Flexible axis for body

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5
Q

Regions of spine

and IV discs

A

C1-C7
T1-T12
L1-L5
S1-S5
coccyxs

IV discs are between vertebrae and are symphyses and are shock absorbers

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6
Q

Curvature of the spine

A

Lordosis(curve anterior) and Kyphosis(curve posterior)

Cervical and Lumbar lordosis

Sacral and Cervical kyphosis

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7
Q

Structure of vertebrae

opening of vertebrae names

A

Vertebral body
pedicle
laminae

one is a foramen
two or more is a foramina
all is the vertebral canal

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8
Q

processes of spine

A

Spinous process and tranverse process

Superior articular process
inferior articular process

SAP and IAP form a synovial joint called
ZYGAPOPHYSEAL

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9
Q

Vertebral Notches

A

Superior Vertebral Notch and Inferior Vertebral Notch

allow for space for the spinal cord

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10
Q

where are some atypical vertebrae found

A

C1-C2

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11
Q

Atypical vertebrae C1

A

first vertebrae on the spine
called the ATLAS
no body
transverse process and foramen

superior articular surface(connects with Condyle)

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12
Q

Atypical Vertebrae C2

A

second vertebrae called the axis
odontoid processs
spinous process(splits into 2, bifid)
has a body

odontoid process attaches to Atlas and forms the MEDIAN ATLANTO-AXIAL JOINT
it is synovial

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13
Q

Cervical region vertebrae characteristics
C3-C7

A

has a small vertebral body
transverse process and foramen
large vertebral formamen
BIFID spinous process

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14
Q

Characteristic of Thoracic Vertebrae
T1-T12

A

large body
circular foramen
transverse process
spinous process(projects back and down)
Costal facets(for ribs to attack to

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15
Q

Vertebrocostal Joints

A

they are synovial

transverse costal facet

superior and inferior costal facet
for the head of the ribs

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16
Q

Characteristics of Lumbar Region
L1-L5

A

LARGE vertebral body
small foramen

flat spinous process

17
Q

characteristics of sacral and coccyx
S1-S5 and Co1-Co4

A

the sacrum is fused together
sacral foramina, not foramen or column
anterior is smooth posterior is rough

coccyx is completely fused

18
Q

ligaments on vertebral bodies

A

anterior longitudinal ligament
anterior side of vertebral bodies
- LIMITES EXTENSION

posterior longitudinal ligament
attached to the IV discs, less of body
-LIMITS FLEXION

18
Q

Crests on Sacrum and other parts of spine

A

M.I.L deals
Median Sacral Crest
Intermediate Sacral crest
Lateral Sacral Crest

19
Q

Vertebral ARCHES ligaments

A

ligamentum flavuM
yellow, thick in lumbar region
unite laminae of vertebrae

Supraspinous ligaments
-LIMITS FLEXION

Interspinous ligaments
-LIMITS EXTENSION

inter transverse ligaments
- LIMITS LATERAL FLEXION

20
Q

Ligaments in cervical spine

and their functions

A

Nuchal Ligament

P.U.L.S
provide attachment for muscles
limit extension of flexion
stabilize joints
Unites spinous and transverse processes, laminae, and vertebral bodies