Lecture 3

Question 1

made in liver and transported to egg to form yolk

Answer 1

vitellogenin

Question 2

exogastrulation

Answer 2

if embryo is placed in a salt solution of osmolarity similar to the blastocoel, instead of invaginating, evagination occurs, creating a dumbbell-like structure.

Question 3

parts of neuralation

Answer 3

somitic medoderm, notochord, archenteron, neural tube, epidermis, dorsal lip, ventral lip

Question 4

ectoderm forms

Answer 4

epidermis and nervous system

Question 5

flattens forming a neural plate

Answer 5

chordamesoderm,
due to actin, forms a neural groove
eventually plate closes to form a neural tube.

Question 6

some ectodermal cells remain between neural tube and surface ectoderm

Answer 6

called neural crest cells

Question 7

fate maps 1

Answer 7

neural plate arises from the dorsal half of the animal hemisphere

Question 8

fate maps 2

Answer 8

the mesoderm arises from a broad belt around the equator of the blastula, much from the animal hemisphere.

Question 9

fate maps 3

Answer 9

the endoderm arises from the vegetal hemisphere

Question 10

fate maps 4

Answer 10

the somatic muscle arises from the most of the marginal zone circumference, much from the ventral half of the blastula

Question 11

fate maps 5

Answer 11

both dorsal and ventral structures at the anterior end of the body come from the dorsal side of the blastula.