Lecture 3 Flashcards
When it comes to labour pain, which of the following is most likely to be a source of new knowledge for you in the next several months?
a) Our culture
b) The Alternative Media
c) Personal experience
d) Scientific knowledge
FIND ANSWER
What is the difference between information and knowledge? What is the purpose of knowledge?
- Information: is Sensory data we obtain with its context and meaning (e.g.: stories, images, numbers, words, visceral sensations, feelings).
Knowledge: Inferences we draw and theories we construct from our interpretations of the information we have (purpose: to enable action). Knowledge is quite removed from information
Is there a difference between information and knowledge?
yes
How do feelings relate to sensations?
feelings are a meaning we attribute to our sensations
Was the orgasmic birth video credible enough to be worth updating our knowledge/beliefs? Why was the name later changed?
reaction: on one hand it seems unusual but also she is giving birth so it would be hard for her to perform that.
at some point they changed the name of the movie to organic birth because so many people were in disbelief
What are 2 ways in which new information can fail to change our knowledge?
- Its credibility is assessed as low -> information discarded
- Its credibility is assessed as acceptable, but it clashes with our pre-existing knowledge
-> information retained but not integrated into knowledge (filed as ‘exception’)
(this second way is less acknowledged but it is often what happens.)
Is the alternative media likely to be a source of new knowledge about labour pain?
no
Why is the alternative media not likely to be a source of new knowledge about labour pain?
- The new information often clashes with our pre-existing knowledge
- Even when we find it credible, it’s hard to know what to do with this new information
What may be some reasons that research shows that the pregnancy simulations (often used on men) actually have negative educational value? How is it deceptive?
- they are stimulating the wrong muscle (which is why its the wrong kind of pain). Negative educational value when they say it will simulate contractions
-the deceptive thing is the belief that electrical current that comes through the skin is like childbirth. Incorrect. A lot of the pain in this simulation is coming through the skin which is not true to childbirth.
What are labour contractions?
Strong muscle contractions
Which muscles are contracting during contractions? Which muscles are not contracting? What happens to the muscle during contractions
- The muscles of the uterus (the abdominal muscles are not contracting)
- Like any other muscle, the uterine muscle: tenses up and hardens during a contraction relaxes and softens in between contractions
What is the myometrium? What is the endometrium?
These 2 layers of the uterus
Myometrium is the muscle part of the uterus, the other is the inner lining of the uterus.
LECTURE 3 SLIDE 18 DIAGRAM. KNOW THE ENDOMETRIUM AND MYOMETRIUM.
Why would it be nearly impossible to simulate labour pains in a biological male?
the uterus essentially sits between the bowel and the bladder. So when we try to simulate labor contractions for people who don’t have a uterus would be impossible because they don’t have the correct organ
Where does the uterus sit in relation to other organs in the body?
the uterus essentially sits between the bowel and the bladder.
What are the 3 different types of muscle fibres?
- skeletal
- smooth
- cardiac
What kind of muscle is the uterus?
smooth muscle
what is the only type of muscle fibres that the myometrium of the uterus have?
The myometrium of the uterus contains only smooth muscle fibres
What would be the best way to relate pain to labour pains?
The best way to relate this pain would be through another smooth muscle in the body
What is the difference between skeletal and smooth muscles? What is the difference between what these 2 types of mucles look like when they contract
- Skeletal muscles are attached to the bones and help us move around
- Smooth muscles are found in most of the internal organs, including the digestive system, bladder, and blood vessels
We need to understand the visual comparative of these things. A contracting skeletal muscle often contracts and bulges. But smooth muscles extend themselves and shorten themselves. They become thicker. They have very different structure and very different sensations they produce when they contract.
LOOK AT DIAGRAM ON LECTURE 3 Pg. 21
Can women control their uterine muscles intentionally? Why?
no.
This is a big difference between skeletal and smooth muscles. We cannot control our uterine like most smooth muscles intentionally
Can we control skeletal muscles? Ca we train them?
- Skeletal muscles can be volitionally controlled. They can also be trained.
Can we control smooth muscles? Can we train them?
- Smooth muscles cannot be volitionally controlled. They can’t be trained