Lecture 28 - Neo 2 Flashcards
What are the three main distant/systemic effects seen as a consequence of neoplasia?
- Hormonal effects
- Paraneoplastic syndromes
- Cancer cachexia
What is the name for the spreading of a neoplasm?
metastasis
What are the local effects of a neoplasm?
Local organ/tissue erosion, replacement or compression, obstruction
What are the consequences of organ torsion/strangulation within local tissue?
Causes the lung to twist causing cut-off from the local blood supply
Why is hemorrhage a common complication of an invasive/erosive neoplasm?
The tumour invades into the blood vessel. The blood vessels tumors make a very weak and hence have a high incidence of bleeding
What is an endocrinopathy?
Excessive production of a hormone that would normally be native to the site of the neoplasm
What is the effect of excessive ACTH stimulation as a result of a neoplasm?
The dog would be very fat with thin skin and their hair would begin to fall out
What would be the effect of excessive GH secretion?
giantism
What would be the effect of excessive EPO excretion?
Stimulates the production of red blood cells. May see polycythemia which could lead to thrombus formation because of sluggish blood flow
What is the effect excessive oestrogen and androgen production?
the horse becomes quite aggressive when it was reasonably relaxed prior to it.
What is meant by the term paraneoplastic syndrome?
Clinical signs that arise from a tumour that cannot be explained by the normal cells of that tumour
What is cachexia?
Loss of muscle and loss of fat mass
How does cachexia from cancer occur?
- Inflammatory cytokines e.g. TNFa, IL1B, IFNy, IL-6
2. These lead to acute phase response, central appetite supression, decreased protein synthesis
