Lecture 10- the basics Flashcards
What cells are involved in the response to bacteria?
- neutrophils
- macrophages
- lymphocytes
What cells are involved in the respond to viruses?
T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
What cells are involved in the response to parasites?
- Eosinophils
- Macrophages
- B lymphocytes
What cells are involved in response to allergens?
Mast cells
Eosinophils
T & B Lymphocytes
How are neutrophils recruited to the site of the infection?
recruited by chemoattractants to the site of infection
What are the two functions of neutrophils?
- Neutrophils are able to degranulate
- Neutrophils are able to become phagocytic
How do eosinophils exert their functions?
degranulate and they release extracellular mediators from their cytoplasmic granules (minor phagocyitc ability)
How to mast cells exert their functions?
Sensitised by IgE binding to the cellular surface of Fc receptors. The degranulate rapidly when anitgen binds to the surface IgE molecules.
Name three cells that are granulocytes:
- neutrophils
- eosinophils
- mast cells
Differentiate between the terms monocytes and macrophages:
Monocytes are blood macrophages, once entering the tissue they will differentiate into macrophages.
What are the pro-inflammatory cytokines that are released by macrophages?
IL-1, TNF-a, IL-6
What is the function of CD4+ Th1 cells?
anti-viral
What is the function of CD4+ Th2 cells?
allergy, parasites
What is the function of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells?
These are involved in killing of virally infected cells.
What is involved in the cellular process of phagocytosis?
- Recognition and attachement (microbes bind to phagocyte receptors)
- Engulfment- the phagocyte membrane zips up around the microbe
- Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
