Lecture 2.8 Epithelia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of epithelium, and the functions of epithelium?

A
  • Surface epithelium: lines surfaces and lumina
  • Glandular epithelium: predominantly involved in secretion
  • Functions of epithelia: protection, barrier, absorption, secretion, receptors
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2
Q

What are the types of simple epithelium?

A

Squamous - 1 flat layer of cells, in alveoli, glomeruli, mesothelium
Cuboidal - don’t see borders between cells, secretory, thyroid and renal tubules
Columnar - nucleus at base (1/4 -1/3 of space, cancer takes up more)

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3
Q

What is pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

A

One layer that looks like many layers, goblet cells for mucous secretions, present in resp tract

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4
Q

What are the types of stratified epithelium?

A

Squamous - multiple layers, top layer thin, keratinising

Cuboidal - seen in pancreas and salivary glands (large ducts), two layers

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5
Q

What is urothelium?

A

Layer of umbrella cells - can expand

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6
Q

What are microvilli and cilia?

A

Microvilli - 0.5-1um, on brush border on apical surface (lots near each other)
Cilia - apical surface, 2-10nm, resp tract and fallopian tubes, attach to basal body

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7
Q

What are the types of junctions?

A

Gap: channels (connexons) linking adjacent cells
Adherens: zonular (cadherins to actin), desmosome (intermediate filaments), hemidesmosome (integrins to BM)
Tight: apex of cell, seal intercellular space, made up of caudins and occludens, circumferential in blood brain barrier

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8
Q

What are CAMS?

A

Cell adhesion molecules, link neighbouring cell or matrix, 4 groups; interns, cadherins, selectins, immunoglobulin superfamily

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9
Q

Where do exocrine and endocrine secrete to?

A

Exo - epithelial surface or duct

Endo - blood

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10
Q

What are serous acini?

A

Pancreas and salivary glands - secretion is carried away by duct, basophilic at base and acidophilic at apex

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11
Q

What do myoepithelial cells do?

A

Have a columnar surface and epithelial base - contract to expel secretions

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