Lecture 2.4 Infectious Diseases & Bacteria

Question 1

What do viruses contain?

Answer 1

Bits of floating RNA and DNA in protein coats

Question 2

What are the features of archaea?

Answer 2

Look similar to bacteria, but similar nuclear organisation to humans

Question 3

What are the features of bacteria?

Answer 3

Small, no ER, no nucleus, ribosomes, single DNA circle, 70S ribosome, binary fission, cell wall (peptidoglycan)

Question 4

What is the cytoplasmic matrix?

Answer 4

Water, hypertonic, ribosome packed

Question 5

What are the features of a nucleioid?

Answer 5

Mostly DNA, supercoiled chromosome, no introns or exons, 1-2000 times more efficient than eukaryotic cell, plasmids need to replicate at same rate or they are lost in replication

Question 6

How many genes in E.coli and what is the pan genome and O157?

Answer 6

1200, pan genome is all of the genes ever found in E.coli (30,000), and O157 is the lethal form of e.coli

Question 7

What do plasmids do?

Answer 7

Move between bacterium and give bacteria new properties

Question 8

What are transposons?

Answer 8

Genes that can move between chromosomes and plasmids

Question 9

Features of gram positive bacteria?

Answer 9

Cell wall peptidoglycan is thick (60nm) and is outside the lipid bilayer

Question 10

Features of gram negative bacteria?

Answer 10

Outer membrane and inner membrane and thin peptidoglycan cell wall (2nm) in periplasmic space, permeable to alcohol so dye washes away

Question 11

What are PAMPS?

Answer 11

Way that body recognises cells that are different from us