Lecture 27: The Electron Transport Chain Flashcards
during the citric acid cycle, NAD+ and FAD are ___ to NADH and FADH2 and acetyl CoA is ___ to CO2
reduced; oxidized
__ and __ carry electrons to the terminal ETC
NADH and FADH2
the ETC ultimately reduces __ to __
molecular oxygen to H2O
as electrons are transferred through a series of ___ in the mitochondria cristae, protons are transferred across the __
4 large proteins; membrane `
the unequal distribution of protons across a membrane is a source of ___ called the __
potential energy; Proton Motive Force
the energy of the proton motive force is used to __
make ATP
the ETC is a suite of ___ and __ mainly organized into 4 large complexes
membrane proteins and organic molecules
NADH delivers electrons to complex ___ and FADH2 delivers to complex __
I; II
besides the 1st two complexes, NADH and FADH2 travel the exact same path (t/f)
true
as electrons thrive through the chain, they go from a higher to lower level, so energy is ___
released
complexes I, III and IV pump ___ from the mitochondria matrix to the inter membrane space
protons
the concentration of protons is higher in the ___ than ___
inter membrane space ; matrix
protons flow back into the matrix by the ___ to equalize the distribution
ATP synthase
most of the TCA enzymes are floating in the ___, but succinate dehydrogenase is in the ___
matrix; inner membrane
which complex is succinate dehydrogenase?
complex 2
complex 2 is a physical link between the ___ and the ___
TCA cycle and the ETC
within a complex, each time an e- jumps from one redox centre to another, ___
some energy is released
what are 2 mobile components of the ETC?
coenzyme Q (ubiqiunone) and cytochrome C
what is coenzyme Q (ubiquinone)?
organic molecule delivering e- from complexes 1 and 2 to complex 3
what is cytochrome C?
protein delivering e- from complex 3 to 4
the proton motive force is a ___ gradient that constitutes potential energy
electrochemical
Protons flowing down their concentration gradient powers ___that catalyses the reaction that makes ATP
ATP synthase
does FADH2 or NADH have a higher reducing potential?
NADH
10 NADH makes ___ ATP
30
2 FADH2 makes ___ ATP
4
