Lecture 27: Heart Failure 1

Question 1

What causes inappropriate workload?

Answer 1

Both volume and pressure overload

Question 2

What causes impaired myocyte contraction?

Answer 2

ischaemic heart disease and dilated cardiomyopathy

Question 3

What is the most common cause of heart failure?

Answer 3

Impaired systolic function

Question 4

What causes systolic dysfunction?

Answer 4

Increased preload, and inadequate contractile function

Question 5

What causes diastolic dysfunction?

Answer 5

Restricted filling and impaired relaxation

Question 6

What causes combined systolic and diastolic dysfunction?

Answer 6

Increased afterload

Question 7

What is compensated heart failure?

Answer 7

When the patient is a-symptomatic

Question 8

What is decompensated heart failure?

Answer 8

When the cardiac output fails to increase

Question 9

What leads to the buildup of fluid in the air sacs?

Answer 9

Backward failure / left sided heart failure

Question 10

What is dyspnea?

Answer 10

Sensation of breathlessness

Question 11

What is pulmonary oedema?

Answer 11

Decreased gas exchange resulting in atrial hypoxemia

Question 12

What are the features of left sided heart failure?

Answer 12

Dyspnea, suffocation when sleeping, and blood-like cough

Question 13

What are the effects of right heart failure

Answer 13

Enlarged spleen, abdominal enlargement, edema

Question 14

What is ankle swelling a symptom of?

Answer 14

Right-sided heart failure