Lecture 24: Plant Nutrition Flashcards
how many essential elements are in plants?
17
how many chemical elements can be found in plants overall?
over 50!
what are the nine macronutrients?
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, potassium, calcium, magnesium
what are the eight micronutrients?
chlorine, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, nickel, molybdenum
what creates visual differences in plants when nutrients are missing?
photosynthesis is affected, which changes nice green colour on plants
_____ nutrients affect older organs more than young, what are they?
mobile nutrients
N, P. K, Mg, Cl, Zn, Mo
____ nutrients affect younger plants more than old, what are they?
less mobile
Ca, S, Fe, B, Cu
why does a plant turn yellow?
breaking down of chloroplasts and chlorophyll
why do leaves curl down in droughts/
low surface area = less water loss, to keep water inside plant to maintain turgor pressure
a ____ is the word used to describe the layer of soil surrounding plant roots
rhizosphere
rhizosphere contains ____ that form symbiotic relationships with plant roots
rhizobacteria
what do plants trade with rhizobacteria?
nitrogen (for plant) in exchange for carbon (for bacteria)
what do plants trade with fungi?
sugars (for fungi) in exchange for the mining of water/minerals by fungi
mycorrhizae is _____
root fungi
why do fungi form such beneficial symbiotic relationships for plants?
they increase surface area and help mine for water/minerals
ectomycorrhizae can be found…
surrounding root cells
arbuscular mycorrhizae can be found…
inside root (penetrates cell wall but not plasma membrane)
where do fungal cells stop in the root of plants?
the casparian strip!
some non mutualistic adaptations of baacteria and fungi include…
epiphytes
parasitic plants
carnivorous plants
where are nonmutualistic relations between plants/bacteria/fungi found?
mostly in nitrogen-poor soil, fungi and bacteria must find other ways to survive
