Lecture 14: Protist Diversity

Question 1

What are the four Eukarya supergroups?

Answer 1

Excavata, SAR clade, Archaeplastida, Unikonta

Question 2

What makes up the SAR clade?

Answer 2

Stramenopile, Alveolate, Rhizaria

Question 3

Which Eukarya clade includes the land plants?

Answer 3

Archaeplastida

Question 4

Which Eukarya clade includes fungi and animals?

Answer 4

Unikonta

Question 5

_____ are paraphyletic, eukaryotes, mostly unicellular but sometimes colonial/multicellular

Answer 5

protists!

Question 6

some members of this clade have an “excavated” feeding groove on one side of their cell body

Answer 6

excavata

Question 7

Euglenozoans are a phyla of what clade?

Answer 7

excavata

Question 8

_____ have flagella to help with mobility, usually small and unicellular, vary from predator to parasites

Answer 8

euglenozoans

Question 9

euglenids are within which phyla of the clade exacavata

Answer 9

euglenozoans

Question 10

____ are mixotrophic, unicellular freshwater organisms, have no cell wall, a membrane-bound nucleus, contractile vacuole, and one to two flagella

Answer 10

euglenids

Question 11

what does mixotrophic mean?

Answer 11

can be autotrophic and use photosynthesis when light is available, or can use heterotrophic feeding when light isn’t available

Question 12

the diatoms are part of which phyla in the SAR clade?

Answer 12

stramenopiles

Question 13

___ are a major component of oceans and lakes, and make up a large part of sand content when fossilized

Answer 13

diatoms

Question 14

____ are colonies of unicellular organisms and apart of the stramenopiles

Answer 14

golden algae

Question 15

____ are large and complex multicellular organisms and have plant-like structures, also apart of the stramenopiles

Answer 15

brown algae (kelps and giant seaweed)

Question 16

dinoflagellates are apart of which phyla in the SAR clade?

Answer 16

alveolates

Question 17

____ have a body made up of cellulose and have explosive growth (blooms) when exposed to too much nutrience

Answer 17

dinoflagellates

Question 18

what is the closest relative of land plants?

Answer 18

archaeplastida

Question 19

red and green algae are apart of which clade?

Answer 19

archaeplastida

Question 20

components of algal cell structure:

Answer 20

cell wall (rigid when mature, permeable), vacuole (regulates water content with tugor pressure), pyrenoids (within chloroplasts, site of starch synthesis and only in algae)