Lecture 15: Bryophytes and Lichens

Question 1

lichens form symbiotic relationships with which organisms?

Answer 1

fungi and yeast

Question 2

___ are the first inhabitants of new soil/rock surfaces

Answer 2

lichens

Question 3

what makes up the fungal hyphae?

Answer 3

millions of photosynthetic cells

Question 4

what is the photosynthetic component in fungal hyphae?

Answer 4

green algae or cyanobacteria

Question 5

what is the fungal component in fungal hyphae?

Answer 5

ascomycete

Question 6

how do lichens reproduce? is it sexual or asexual?

Answer 6

asexual, use soredia (have fungal hyphae and algal cells that attach to new surfaces when released)

Question 7

____ are the non-vascular clade of plants

Answer 7

bryophytes

Question 8

which plant groups make up bryophytes?

Answer 8

liverworts, mosses, hornworts

Question 9

_____ are not very tall, close to the ground and near water sources/in moist environments because they can’t transport water using vascular systems

Answer 9

bryophytes

Question 10

what is peat?

Answer 10

partially decayed organic matter created and deposited by peat moss

Question 11

what is the main function of peat?

Answer 11

nitrogen deposition and carbon cycling

Question 12

___ is a multicellular diploid form of the plant body

Answer 12

sporophyte

Question 13

___ is the structure that produces haploid gametes in plants

Answer 13

gametophyte

Question 14

__ is the structure where meiosis occurs and haploid spores develop

Answer 14

sporangium

Question 15

__ is the structure where gametes develop in male plants

Answer 15

anteridia

Question 16

__ is the structure where gametes develop in female plants

Answer 16

archegonia

Question 17

what are the six main traits of bryophytes?

Answer 17

dominant haploid gametophyte, no xylem/phloem, no roots, no leaves, no cuticle, sporophyte is dependant on female gametophyte for nutrition

Question 18

what are bryophytes sporophytes made up of?

Answer 18

foot, seta, sporangium

Question 19

hornworts and mosses have ___ for gas exchange, liverworts do not

Answer 19

stomata

Question 20

what does the foot of a bryophyte do?

Answer 20

receives nutrience from female gametophyte

Question 21

what is the seta of a bryophyte?

Answer 21

the elongated stalk

Question 22

what does the sporangium of a bryophyte do?

Answer 22

site of meiosis