Lecture 24: Biotechnology II Flashcards
What is cystic fibrosis?
Inability to move mucus out of the lungs
How do you find a gene if
you don’t know what protein
it makes?
Map it
Gene Mapping
Shows where a gene lies on a chromosome and which chromosome it is from
The cystic fibrosis gene shows simple medelian inheritance?
Meaning that it is controlled by a single gene with two alleles (one dominant, one recessive)
How to order genes along the chromosome?
Recombination:
A pair of genes with a larger recombination are likely farther apart on the chromosome
First, find which chromosome the gene is on?
Chromosome 7
Is there a lot of medelian inheritance in humans?
No, the majority of inheritance in humans is continuous variation
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Segregate in a simple mendelian fashion
-Some people have cut sites other don’t
Polymerase chain reaction
A way of taking a tiny piece of DNA and amplifying a tiny piece from that DNA(making many copies)
How does PCR work?
Add DNA primers these primers. The add DNA polymerase, polymerase will start transcribing from those primers making piece of DNA. Then you repeat the process now with 4 single strands of DNA. Keep doing this roughly 40 times to amplify the DNA
What does two separate strands after adding BAM indicate?
The restriction fragment has been cut
Presence of restriction site
Correlation between cystic fibrosis and whether they cut with specific restrictive enzyme.
Means the restrictive enzyme and gene for CF are close together
How are alleles and RFLPs similar?
Alleles: Variation in the sequence of a gene
RFLPs: Variation in the sequence of the restriction site
Phenotype substitute for RFLPs?
They don’t have phenotypes however if you alter a restriction site, this will alter a restriction fragment length which will give it a new band size on the gel
Where do RFLPs come from?
Trial and error, look for changes in whether the DNA cuts or not
