Lecture 23 - Glucose as a fuel molecule #1 Flashcards
What is glucose?
A hexose simple sugar monosaccharide
What is hexose?
6 Carbons
What are the 3 types of drawn conformations of glucose?
Ring, Open, Chair
What is the chemical structure of glucose?
C6H12O6
What is a carbohydrate?
A large macromolecule / polysaccharide
What are sources of glucose from carbohydrates?
Starch from plants and glycogen from meat
What is starch?
A polymer made up of up to 1 million glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds
What are the two forms of starch?
Amylose and amylopectin
What is the structure of amylose?
A linear polymer of glucose units
What is the structure of amylopectin?
A branched polymer of glucose units
What is glycogen?
A branched polymer of glucose units
What is a disaccharide?
Two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond
What are some examples of disaccharides?
Sucrose, lactose, maltose
What is the structure of sucrose?
A glucose bound to a fructose by a glycosidic bond
Where are disaccharides found in the diet?
Fruit and raw sugar
What enzyme cleaves glycosidic bonds from polysaccharides to disaccharides?
Amylase through hydrolysis