Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HEB 1420 > Lecture 21 - Neck > Flashcards

Lecture 21 - Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Hyoid Bone

A
  • “floating” bone, anchored by muscles
  • aids in swallowing and tongue movements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three ligaments of the neck?

A
  1. Anterior longitudinal ligament
  2. Ligamenta flava
  3. Nuchal ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Extrinsic Muscles of the Neck

A

trapezius, splenius, longissimus, semispinalis, levator scapulae, scalenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of the Neck

A

suboccipital muscles, sternocleidomastoid, longus capitus, longus colli, hyoid muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Suboccipital Triangle

A
  • rectus capitus posterior major
  • rectus capitus posterior minor
  • oblique capitus superior
  • obilque capitus inferior

Attachments: occipital bone, C1-C2

Actions: extension, lateral flexion of the neck

Innervation: suboccipital nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Attachments: clavicle, manubrium, mastoid process

Action: flexion, lateral flexion, rotation of the neck

Innervation: CN XI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Longus capitis

A

Attachments: transverse processes, anterior occipital bone

Action: flexion and rotation of the head

(top arrow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Longus colli

A

Attachments: transverse processes, arch of the atlas

Action: flexion and lateral flexion of the neck

(bottom arrow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Suprahyoids

A

-digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, geniohyoid

Action: depress and retract mandible, elevate and protract hyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Infrahyoids

A

-omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid

Action: depress/stabilize hyoid, move larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Arteries of the neck

A

brachiocephalic → common carotid → carotid sinus → external and internal carotid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Veins of the head and neck

A

emissary veins → sagittal, transverse and sigmoid sinuses → internal jugular (collects deoxygenated blood and discarded CSF from the brain)

outside of head → external jugular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Emissary Veins

A
  • connect internal sinuses to external veins of scalp
  • important for heat regulation in the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cavernous Sinus

A
  • drains facial veins into the cranial venous system
  • surrounds pituitary gland
  • deoxygenated blood wraps around artery perforation, colling venous blood (heat exchange)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is choking a uniquely human problem?

A

Changes in human face shape lead to descent of the larynx, so the epiglottis is no longer in contact with the soft palate

-this creates a retro-oropharyngeal space where food can get trapped

*not in babies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Deglutition (swallowing) Steps

A
  1. Tongue sweeps bolus back
  2. Hyoid slightly elevated
  3. Bolus swept into oropharynx, lateral arches stiffen
  4. Soft palate elevated/tensed
  5. Hyoid elevates larynx, depressing epiglottis
  6. Esophageal sphincter opens, pharyngeal constrictors contract, send bolus into esophagus

(1-3 voluntary, 4-6 involuntary)

17
Q

Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscles

A

-superior, middle, inferior

Action: constrict pharynx, move food bolus

Innervation: CN X

18
Q

How is sound produced in talking?

A
  • sound is produced by forcing air through closed/tensed vocal chords
  • pitch = rate of vibration
  • volume = force of air
  • length of vocal tract = deepness of voice
19
Q

Laryngeal Cartilages

A
20
Q

Vocal Ligaments & Muscles

A
  • vocal ligaments: span from arytenoid cartilages to thyroid cartilages
  • muscles: cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, arytenoideus
  • all muscles innervated by CN X
21
Q

What is the action of the cricothyroid muscles?

A

Lengthens (tenses) vocal folds

22
Q

What is the action of the thyroarytenoid muscles?

A

Shortens (relaxes) vocal folds

23
Q

What is the action of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles?

A

Abducts (opens) vocal folds

24
Q

What is the action of the lateral cricoarytenoid muscles?

A

Adduct (closes) vocal folds

25
Q

What is the action of the arytenoideus muscles?

A

Adduct (closes) and tightens vocal folds

HEB 1420 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions