Lecture 21 - Biotechnology in use

Question 1

Recombinant DNA technology

Answer 1

Therapeutic products
Diagnosis
GM Products
Energy applications

Question 2

Many things influence the host choice for protein production

what are they?

Answer 2

Financial reasons (speed, cost)
Biochemical reasons (Glycosylation, Folding)

Question 3

Insulin

PTM? (post transitional modifications)

Best produced in?

Answer 3

No

In bacteria (cost) and Mammalian cells

Question 4

EPO

PTM? (post transitional modifications)

Best produced in?

Answer 4

Yes Glycosylation

Mammalian cells

Question 5

Antithrombin

PTM? (post transitional modifications)

Best produced in?

Answer 5

Yes Carboxylation

In transgenic animals
not bacterial or mammalian cells

Question 6

How can we make new proteins?

Answer 6

Use recombinant DNA technology

Mix and match different proteins or different genes from different sources

Question 7

How can we provide a permanent treatment?

Answer 7

Use patients as the host for protein production!

Question 8

How can Plasmids be carried into patients?

Answer 8

using viral vectors = Gene therapy

Question 9

Recombinant protein

Answer 9

Insulin
Factor IX
EPO
INF
Antibodies

Question 10

Type 1 diabetes Problem

Answer 10

Beta cells in pancreas destroyed

= autoantibodies recognise proteins on beta cell surface

= no insulin produced.

Question 11

Type 1 diabetes solution

Answer 11

Use gene therapy to Turn liver cells into insulin making machines.

Question 12

Gene therapy could permanently treat

Answer 12

Type 1 diabetes

In Plasmid:
Glucose response promoter
Pre pro insulin cDNA

Question 13

Gene editing

Answer 13

CRISPR-Cas

Question 14

CRISPR-Cas

Answer 14

Use DNA to correct the genome (return functional copy of the gene)

Question 15

Different protein factories are required

Answer 15

depending on ion complexity of protein you want to produce.

Question 16

DNA technology used to

Answer 16

create new proteins.

Knowledge of biochemistry is very helpful in this process.

Question 17

Gene therapy

Answer 17

Using humans as a protein factory.

Used to permanently treat disease.