Lecture 2: Introduction to Skeletal System and Skull Flashcards
What are the principal functions of the skeletal system?
- movement
- protection
- homeostasis of minerals
- RBC production
- storage of minerals/lipids
types of bones(shapes)?
long= humerus
short= ankle
flat= sternum
irregular= vertebrae
sesamoid= patella
largest sesamoid bone in the body
patella
2 divisions of skeletons in skeletal system
- axial
- appendicular
what are sesamoid bones?
embedded within tendons of muscles, prevent rubbing of tendon against joint
what is part of the axial skeleton?
skull
vertebral column
ribs
sternum
appendicular
Scapula
Clavicle
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
girdles
appendicular bones that attach other appendicular bones to axial
shoulder girdle
clavicle and scapula
2 major types of bones in the skull
- neurocranium
- viscerocranium
what bone forms the upper jaw
maxilla. paired bone. purple.
what bone forms lower jaw
mandible, unpaired, dark blue
what is shaded in light blue
zygomatic, paired bone
what are the 3 cavities that connect the cranium to the orbital cavity
- optical canal
- superior orbital fissure
- inferior orbital fissure
how many paired bones are in nasal conchae
- superior nasal
- middle
- inferior(individual bone)
sup.+ middle are part of ethmoid
how many bones in neurocranium
8
occipital, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid
how many bones in viscerocranium
14
where is zygomatic arch and what are the bones that form it?
zygomatic+temporal bones, located above the jaw
functional of lacrimal bones
has a duct which carrier tears from eyes to nasal duct
mastoid
bony process behind ear(part of mandible)
what is the circled?
condylar process (part of mandble)
articulated with temporal bone
styloid
bony process. sharo stick (part of mandible)
what is circled?
coronoid process
attachment site for muscle which closes jaw
ramus
bony plate of mandible
coronoid and condylar process are on the ramus of the mandible
