Lecture 2: Introduction to Skeletal System and Skull

Question 1

What are the principal functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

1. movement
2. protection
3. homeostasis of minerals
4. RBC production
5. storage of minerals/lipids

Question 2

types of bones(shapes)?

Answer 2

long= humerus
short= ankle
flat= sternum
irregular= vertebrae
sesamoid= patella

Question 3

largest sesamoid bone in the body

Answer 3

patella

Question 4

2 divisions of skeletons in skeletal system

Answer 4

1. axial
2. appendicular

Question 5

what are sesamoid bones?

Answer 5

embedded within tendons of muscles, prevent rubbing of tendon against joint

Question 6

what is part of the axial skeleton?

Answer 6

skull
vertebral column
ribs
sternum

Question 7

appendicular

Answer 7

Scapula
Clavicle
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

Question 8

girdles

Answer 8

appendicular bones that attach other appendicular bones to axial

Question 9

shoulder girdle

Answer 9

clavicle and scapula

Question 10

2 major types of bones in the skull

Answer 10

1. neurocranium
2. viscerocranium

Question 11

what bone forms the upper jaw

Answer 11

maxilla. paired bone. purple.

Question 12

what bone forms lower jaw

Answer 12

mandible, unpaired, dark blue

Question 13

what is shaded in light blue

Answer 13

zygomatic, paired bone

Question 14

what are the 3 cavities that connect the cranium to the orbital cavity

Answer 14

1. optical canal
2. superior orbital fissure
3. inferior orbital fissure

Question 15

how many paired bones are in nasal conchae

Answer 15

1. superior nasal
2. middle
3. inferior(individual bone)
   sup.+ middle are part of ethmoid

Question 16

how many bones in neurocranium

Answer 16

8
occipital, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

Question 17

how many bones in viscerocranium

Answer 17

14

Question 18

where is zygomatic arch and what are the bones that form it?

Answer 18

zygomatic+temporal bones, located above the jaw

Question 19

functional of lacrimal bones

Answer 19

has a duct which carrier tears from eyes to nasal duct

Question 20

mastoid

Answer 20

bony process behind ear(part of mandible)

Question 21

what is the circled?

Answer 21

condylar process (part of mandble)
articulated with temporal bone

Question 21

styloid

Answer 21

bony process. sharo stick (part of mandible)

Question 22

what is circled?

Answer 22

coronoid process
attachment site for muscle which closes jaw

Question 23

ramus

Answer 23

bony plate of mandible
coronoid and condylar process are on the ramus of the mandible