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CAPS 391_2024 > Lecture 17: Skeletal Muscles III Upper Limb > Flashcards

Lecture 17: Skeletal Muscles III Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what muscle is shown in this anterior view.
describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A
  1. lesser tubercle of humerus
  2. subscapularis
    o: subscapular fossa
    i: lesser tubercle of humerus
    fxn: medial rotation of shoulder
    nerve: brachial plexus
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2
Q

what are the 3 subdivisions of shoulder area?

A

pectoral, deltoid, and scapular

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3
Q

label

A
  1. spine of scapula
  2. supraspinatus
  3. greater tubercle of humerus
  4. infraspinatus
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4
Q

supraspinatus

describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A

o: supraspinous fossa
i: greater tubercle of humerus
fxn: first 30 degrees of abduction of shoulder
nerve: brachial plexus

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5
Q

infraspinatus

describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A

o: infraspinous fossa
i: greater tubercle of humerus
fxn: lateral rotation of shoulder
nerve: brachial plexus

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6
Q

deltoid

describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A

o: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
i: fibers converge towards boney elevation on lateral surface of the shaft of humerus (deltoid tuberosity)

fxn: abduction of shoulder: 30 to 90 degrees
nerve: axillary branch of brachial plexus

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7
Q
A
  1. deltoid
  2. clavicle
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8
Q

what is the prime mover for lateral rotation?

A

infraspinatus

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9
Q

what is the prime mover for medial rotation?

A

subscapularis

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10
Q

what separates the posterior and anterior arm?

A

intermuscular septum= dense connective tissue

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11
Q

anterior arm
what is the general fxn and innervation?

A

fxn: flexion of elbow/shoulder
muscular cutaneous nerve

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12
Q

posterior arm
what is the general fxn and innervation?

A

fxn: extension elbow
radial nerve

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13
Q

Biceps Brachii

describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A

long head
o: right above glenoid fossa; supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
i: radial tuberosity

short head
o:coracoid process
i: radial tuberosity

fxn: supination(main fx)
flexion of shoulder and elbow

muscular cutaneous nerve

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14
Q

what is the prime mover of supination of forearm?

A

biceps brachii

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15
Q

what is the prime mover of flexion of elbow?

A

brachialis

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16
Q

brachialis

describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A

o: shaft/body of humerus
i: ulna tuberosity

flexion of elbow
muscular cutaneuous nerve

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17
Q

triceps brachii

describe origin, insertion, fxn, and innervation?

A

lateral head
o: lateral shaft of humerus

long head
o: right below glenoid; infraglenoid scapula

medial head
o: medial shaft humerus

i: olecranon process
fxn: extension of elbow
radial nerve

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18
Q
A

brachialis

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19
Q

what muscle is this? name the components?

A

biceps brachii
1. long head
2. short head

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20
Q

prime mover extension elbow

A

triceps brachii

21
Q

what are two compartments of forearm

A

anterior: flexor wrist, fingers
posterior: extensor wrist, fingers

22
Q

Pronator teres
origin/insertion/fxn/nerve

A

superficial
origin:medial epicondyle
insert: shaft radius
fxn: pronation forearm
nerve: median

23
Q

flexor carpi radialis
origin/insertion/fxn/nerve

A

superficial
origin: medial epicondyle
insert: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones
fxn: flexion wrist/elbow
nerve: median nerve

24
Q

what is flexor retinaculum

A

a fibrous connective tissue band that forms the anterior roof of the carpal tunnel

holds tendons in place

25
Q

which muscles are part of the anterior superficial forearm

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis

26
Q

what compartment of forearm muscle does brachioradialis belong to

A

posterior compartment due to innervation; radial nerve

27
Q

brachioradialis
origin/insertion/fxn/nerve

A

superficial
o: lateral epicondyle of humerus
i: styloid process of radius
helps with flexion of forearm at the elbow

radial nerve

28
Q
A

brachioradialis

29
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris
fxn/origin/insertion/innervation

what compartment

A

posterior (superficial)

origin: lateral epicondyle
insert: 5th metacarpal bone
fxn: extensor of wrist and ulnar deviation
nerve: radial

30
Q

extensor digitorum
describe fxn/origin/insertion/innervation

what compartment

A

posterior (superficial)

fxn: extension digits **prime mover for extension wrist and all joints of digits

origin: common extensor tendon

insert: middle/distal phalanges of medial 4 digits

nerve: radial

31
Q

prime mover extension wrist and digits

A

extensor digitorum

32
Q

label. what compartment?

A

left= extensor carpi ulnaris
right= extensor digitorum

superficial layer posterior compartment

33
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/nerve of supinator? what compartment is it

A

fxn: supinates forearm
origin: ulna
insert: shaft radius
nerve: radial

posterior, deep

34
Q

describe fxn/origin/insertion/nerve of extensor pollicis longus? what compartment is it

A

fxn: extend thumb (prime mover)
origin: shaft ulna
insert: distal phalanx thumb
nerve: radial

posterior, deep

35
Q

what is prime mover extension thumb

A

extensor pollicis longus

36
Q

label. what compartment?

A

top= supinator
bottom= extensor pollicis longus

deep layer, posterior compartment of forearm

37
Q

describe thumb adduction and abduction. what plane is it in?

A

sagittal.

note: thumb is not in same plane as other fingers

38
Q

describe thumb flexion/extension/ what plane?

A

coronal

39
Q

what are the three groups hand muscles are divided into

A

thenar
hypothenar
central

40
Q

describe thenar group

A

bulge at base of thumb

origin: carpal bones
insert: 1st metacarpal, middle & distal phalanges of thumb
fxn: flexion, abduction, opposition of thumb
nerve: median

41
Q

describe hypothenar group

A

bulge base of 5th finger

origin: carpal bones
insert: 5th metacarpal and phalanges of 5th finger
fxn: flexion, abduction, opposition 5th finger
nerve: ulnar

42
Q

describe lumbricals

A

4 muscles, part of central group

origin: tendons of FDP
insert: indirectly to middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
fxn: flexion metacarpal phalangeal and extension of PIP/DIP
nerve; medial and ulnar

43
Q
A

thenar group
hypothenar group
lumbricals

44
Q

what muscles are these? what group?

describe origin, insertion, fxn, nerve

A

left= palmar interossei
fxn: adduction digits “PAD”

right= dorsal interosseir
fxn: abduction digits “DAB”

origin: metacarpal bones
insert: indirectly to Middle and distal phalanges of digits
nerve: ulnar

45
Q

which nerve supplies most of intrinsic muscles of hand?

A

ulnar

46
Q

describe axilla

A

transitional area btw head/neck/chest and upper limb

(axillary artery and vein and cords of the
brachial plexus pass thru)

47
Q

what is cubital fossa

A

transitional area btw arm and forearm
The median and radial nerves as well as brachial artery
are the main contents of this fossa.

48
Q

label. what are these?

A

axilla
cubital fossa
carpal tunnel
=transitional areas

49
Q

what is this

A

The carpal tunnel is a fibro-osseous tunnel made by the
carpal bones and the thickening of the deep fascia, the flexor
retinaculum, in front of the wrist joint

This tunnel
contains the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor
digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicis longus muscles as well as
median nerve

CAPS 391_2024 (10 decks)

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