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CAPS 391_2024 > Lecture 16: Skeletal Muscles II (Trunk) > Flashcards

Lecture 16: Skeletal Muscles II (Trunk) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of Trapezius? Is it extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

-origin: occipital lobe+spinus process of cervical vertebrate
-insertion: upper fibres reach clavicle and acromion. lower fibres insert to spine of scapula
-CNXI
extrinsic
-superficial

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2
Q

What is the function of trapezius?

A

-upper/lateral fibers elevates shoulder
-horizontal fiber retracts scapula/adduction
-lower fibers depress scapula

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3
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of levator scapula? Is it extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

-origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
-insertion: superior angle scapula
-brachial plexus
-f(x)= elevate scapula
-extrinsic
-superficial

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4
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of rhomboid minor+major? Is it extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

origin: spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae

insertion: medial border of scapula

f(x): elevation +retraction of scapula

innervation: brachial plexus

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5
Q

What is the difference btw extrinsic and intrinsic muscles?

A

ex: origin and insertion in different regions
in: origin and insertion in same region

superficial and intermediate layers= extrinsic

deep layers = intrinsic

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6
Q

label

A

1: trapezius
2:levator scapulae
3: rhomboid minor
4: rhomboid major

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7
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of latissimus dorsi?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

origin: spinous processes of lower thoracic & all lumbar vertebrae & sacrum & ileum

insertion: intertubercular groove

fxn: prime mover for extension of shoulder.
can do medial rotation and adduction of shoulder

innervated: brachial plexus

extrinsic (sueprficial)

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8
Q

what muscle is this

A

latissimus dorsi

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9
Q

what are the 3 groups of deep layer muscles in the trunk

A
  1. erector spinae
  2. transversospinalis
  3. segmentals
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10
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of erector spinae muscles?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic
list the 3 muscles in this group

A
  1. spinalis (most medial)
  2. longissimus (longest muscle fibers)
  3. iliocostalis (most lateral)

origin/insertion: complicated: attach at vertebrae and ribs

fxn: erect/extend spine and stablize vertebrae

innervation: posterior rami of spinal nerse
intrinsic(deep)

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11
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of transversospinalis?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic
list the 3 muscles in this group

A
  1. semispinalis
  2. rotatores (smallest+shortest))
  3. multifidus

origin/attachment: runs obliquely btw transverse and spinous process

innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

fxn: stabilization of vertebrae, rotates vertebral column

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12
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of Segmentals?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic
list the 2 muscles in this group

A
  1. intertransversarii: btw 2 adjacent transverse processes, helps with side flexion and stabilizes vertebrae
  2. interspinales: runs btw 2 spinous process. helps with extension and stabilization

innervation: dorsal rami
-(intrinsic)deep

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13
Q

label muscle groups

A
  1. spinalis
  2. longissimus
  3. iliocostalis
    = erector spinae
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14
Q

label muscle groups

A
  1. semispinalis
  2. rotatores
  3. multifidus
    = transversospinalis
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15
Q

label the muscles and what groups are they from?

A
  1. intertransversarii
  2. interspinales
    = segmentals
  3. rotatores
    =transversospinalis
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16
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of pectoralis major?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

o: clavicle, sternum (upper 6 costal cartilages)
i: lateral tip of the inter-tubercular groove(shoulder)

fxn: medial rotation, horizontal adduction

innervation: brachial plexus
extrinsic

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17
Q
A

pectoralis major

18
Q

describe the origin, insertion, and innervation of serratus anterior?? is it extrinsic or intrinsic

A

o: first 9 ribs, fibers wrap around thorax
i: medial border of ribs+medial border of scapula

fxn: protraction + stabilization of scapula
innervation: bracial plexus

extrinsic

19
Q
A

serratus anterior

20
Q

describe the intrinsic intercostal muscles?

A

3 layers: external, internal, innermost
-run btw adjacent ribs

fxn: involved in forced inspiration

innervation: ventral rami of thoracic spinal nerves

21
Q
A
  1. external intercostal
  2. internal intercostal
  3. innermost intercostal
22
Q

what are the origins of the diaphragm

A
  1. xiphoid process
  2. lumbar vertebrae
  3. costal cartilage
23
Q

fxn of diaphragm

A

contraction brings down central tendon during inhalation, compresses abdominal viscera (increases pressure)

-respiratory muscle

24
Q

innervation of diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

25
Q

insertion of diaphragm

A

central tendon

26
Q

what are the 3 openings labelled in diaphragm

A
  1. inferior vena cava
  2. esophagus
  3. aorta
27
Q
A
  1. central tendon (i)
  2. xiphoid process (o)
  3. costal cartilage (o)
  4. lumbar cartilage (o)
28
Q

what muscles are in the anterolateral group?

A
  1. external oblique
  2. internal oblique
  3. transversus abdominus
  4. rectus abdominis
29
Q

fxn/origin+insertion/innervation External oblique

A

o: lower ribs
i: linea alba, aponeurosis(flat connective tissue) is the bridge for external oblique
-lower borders becomes the ingeunal ligament

fxn:***moves origin, not insertion; moves ribs towards midline “contralateral rotation”

innervation: lower 6 intercostal nerves

30
Q

fxn/origin+insertion/innervation Internal oblique

A

o: ilium
i: lower ribs and linea alba

fxn: ipsilateral rotation
innervation: lower 6 intercostal nerves

31
Q

fxn/origin+insertion/innervation transversus abdominus

A

o: lower ribs+ilium, turns into aponeurosis
i: linea alba

fxn: increases abdominal pressure

innervation: lower 6 intercostal nerves

32
Q

fxn/origin+insertion/innervation rectus abdominus

A

o: pubic bone
i: ribs 5,6,7

fxn: flexion of torso
innervation: lower 6 intercostal nerves

33
Q
A
  1. linea alba
  2. tendinous intersection
  3. external oblique
  4. aponeurosis
  5. inguinal ligament
  6. internal oblique
  7. transversus abdominus
    8.rectus abdominis
34
Q

what is the inguinal ligament

A

thickening of aponeurosis

extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to public tubule

35
Q
A

A. levator ani
B. perineal muscles

36
Q

what muscle groups comprise the pelvic floor

A

pelvic diaphragm + perineal muscles

37
Q

what makes up the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani + coccygeus

38
Q

what is this triangle called? what are the upper and lower divisions? what do the 4 blue dots represent?

A

= perineum

top triangle= urogenital
bottom: anal triangle

top blue dot= pubic symphysis
bottom= coccyx
sides= ischial tuberosity

39
Q

fxn/origin+insertion/innervation levator ani

A

o: pubic bones + ilium
i: coccyx

fxn: supports weight of pelvic viscera
innervation: sacral plexus

40
Q

fxn of perineal muscles

A

innervated by pudendal nerve

sits below the diaphragm to support the pelvic viscera, bc the muscles close to midline are weak due to openings.
make anus and urethra sphincters.

CAPS 391_2024 (10 decks)

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