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CAPS 391_2024 > Lecture 18: Muscular System IV (Lower Limbs) > Flashcards

Lecture 18: Muscular System IV (Lower Limbs) Flashcards

1
Q
A
  1. GLUTEUS MEDIUS
  2. GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
    posterior superficial muscles
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2
Q

O/I/F/N of gluteus medius

A

origin: lateral surface ilium
insertion; lateral surface greater trochanter
fxn: prime mover for abduction hip
innervation: superiorgluteal nerve

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3
Q

prime mover for abduction hip

A

gluteus medius

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4
Q

reverse fxn of gluteus medius

A

brings ilium down to femur, occurs during walking. levels pelvis

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5
Q

what is trendelberg gait

A

paralysis gluteus medius

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6
Q

o/i/f/n gluteus maximus

A

origin: lateral surface ilium and posterior surface sacrum

insert: gluteal tuberosity of femur. most fibres indirectly attach to lateral condyle tibia (IT Band)

fxN: prime mover hip extension and stability to knnee joint via IT band

nerve: sacral plexus inferogluteal nerve

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7
Q

prime mover hip extension

A

gluteus maximus

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8
Q
A

Top to Btm

gluteus medius(sup)
gluteus minimus(deep)
Piriformis(deep)
gluteus maximus(sup)
sciatic nerve

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9
Q

largest nerve

A

sciatic

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10
Q

o/i/f/n Piriformis

A

origin: anterior surface sacrum in pelvis
exits pelvic cavity via greater sciatic foramen

insertion: medial surface greater trochanter femur

fxn: lateral rotation hip

nerve: sacral plexus (prifiorm”

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11
Q
A

medial compartment
sciatic nerve
femur

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12
Q

what are the compartments of the thigh? innervations?

A

Posterior: “flexor” compartment. Sciatic nerve

Middle: “adductor” compartment. Obtrurator nerve (lumbar)

Anterior: “extensor” of knee. Femoral Nerve (lumbar)

PFS
MAO
AEF

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13
Q

explain o/i/f/n of iliopsoas

A

psoas major origin=lumbar vertebrae
iliacus origin= medial surface ilium (iliac fossa)

insert: lesser trochanter femur
fxn: prime mover flexion hip

psoas major=ant. rami of L1-L3
iliacus=femoral nerve

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14
Q

what mover extension knee

A

quadriceps femoris

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15
Q

explain o/i/f/n quadriceps femoris

A

origin: hip bone and shaft of femur
insertion: tibial tuberosity via quad and petallar tendons
fxn: prime mover extension knee
innervation: femoral

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16
Q
A

adductor brevis
adductor magnus

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17
Q

explain o/i/f/n adductor magnus

A

origin: ischialpubic ramus and ischial tuberosity
insert: linea aspera and adductor tubercle
fxn: adduction (obtrurator nerve) of hip and extension (sciatic nerve) of hip

18
Q

what muscle is this? explain o/i/f/n

A

biceps femoris

origin: long head-ischiotuberosity. short head- shaft femur

insert: head fibula

fxn: prime mover flexion knee. extension hip

nerve: sciatic

19
Q
A

left= extensor digitorum longus
right=tibialis anterior

20
Q

prime mover knee flexion

A

biceps femoris

21
Q

explain o/i/f/n extensor digitorum longus

A

origin: tibia and fibula

insert: middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 toes

fxn: prime mover extension toes and dorsiflexion

nerve: deep fibular

22
Q

primer mover extension of toes

A

extensor digitorum longus

23
Q

explain o/i/f/n tibialis anterior

A

origin: tibial (upper third)
insert: medial cuneiform
fxn: dorsiflexion and inversion foot
nerve: deep fibular

24
Q

generally speaking what do muscles of posterior leg do? what nerve supplies

A

plantarflexion
tibial

25
Q

generally speaking what do muscles of anterior leg do?

A

extend toes and dorsiflexion (extension) of ankle.
innervated by fibular nerve

26
Q
A
27
Q

explain o/i/f/n soleus

A

origin: tibia
insert: calcaneous
fxn:plantarflexion ankle **prime mover

27
Q

explain o/i/f/n gastrocnemius

A

origin: medial/lateral epicondyle femur

insert: calcaneous thru achiles

fxn: flex knee and plantarflexion ankle

nerve: bracnh of sciatic (tibial)

=posterior leg

28
Q

prime mover plantarflexion

A

soleus

29
Q
A

left=soleus
righ=tibialis posterior

30
Q

explain o/i/f/n tibialis posterior

A

origin: tibia and fibula
insert: all tarsal bones except talus
fxn; plantar flexion and maintain foot arches
nerve: tibial

31
Q
A
32
Q
A

A
fibularis (peroneus) longus

lateral compartment

33
Q

explain o/i/f/n fibularis longus

A

o: fibula
i: medial cuneiforms
fxn:prime mover eversion foot
nerve: fibular

34
Q

prime mover eversion

A

fibularis longus

35
Q

explain the layers of the muscles in plantar aspect of foot

A

Layer 1: Abd. 1 and 5. Flexion 2-5

Layer 2: Flex 2-5

Layer 3: Adduction 1, Flexion 1 and 5

fourth layer=interossei

36
Q

what does the plantar interossei do?

A

adduction toes

37
Q

what does the dorsal interossei do?

A

abduction toes

38
Q

what are three transisional areas in lower limb

A

femoral triangle
popliteal fossa
tarsal tunnel

39
Q
A

CAPS 391_2024 (10 decks)

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