Lecture 2 - Dx Stains Flashcards

1
Q
Fluorescein
solubility?
absorption?
emission?
tear film color?
Seidel's sign?
metabolism?
A
  1. water soluble
  2. 493 nm (Cobalt blue) vs. 465 nm in blood
  3. 520 nm (yellow-green) emission
  4. Orange-yellow-green in tear film
  5. Seidel’s sign: fluorescent green in Bowman’s membrane or aqueous humor
  6. Hepatic metabolism
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2
Q

What is most likely to lead to false results for fluorescein?

A

tetracaine

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3
Q

What are some indications for fluorescein?

A
  • foreign body
  • abrasion or ulcer & edema
  • alkaline burn: non-soluble particles
  • dry eye staining & tear breakup time (TBUT)
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4
Q

What does HSV keratitis look like?

A

Simplex: notice it has a bulb like ends at the fern-like filament. Comes out as bright green.

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5
Q

What would herpes zoster look like?

A

a narrow and thin bright green

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6
Q

RGP contact lens adaptation is an indication for what?

A

Fluorescein

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7
Q

What is used to dx tear duct obstruction/epiphora via the Jones Test?

A

Fluorescein

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8
Q

For dx filamentous keratitis?

A

Fluorescein

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9
Q

Quenching (aka fluorescein with an anesthetic) causes an _______________ of IOP evaluation with application tonometry.

A

UNDER-ESTIMATION

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10
Q

Which dye is used for angiography (5ml 10% or 3ml 25% IV or 0.5% PO)?

A

Fluorescein

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11
Q

This genetic defect is manifest in the visual phototransduction cycle. The ATP-binding cassette transporter is defective and leads to a buildup of the toxic metabolite lipofuscin. It is a juvenile macular degradation that develops between the ages of 6-12 years.

A

Stargardt’s disease

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12
Q
Name the stain:
absorption is 545-490nm
stains mucus or devitalized tissue
conjunctival and corneal application
viewed under white light or red-free (aka green filter)
A

rose bengal

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13
Q

Name this stain:
mild antiviral properties
photo reactive: RBC hemolysis

A

rose bengal

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14
Q

Rose Bengal is a iodine-based derivative of _________.

A

fluorescein

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15
Q

Which stain for the following indications?
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)
superior limbis keratoconjunctivitis (SLK)
herpes simplex/zoster
argon laser photocoagulation
metastatic melanoma

A

rose bengal

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16
Q
Name this stain:
stains mucus or devitalized tissue
absorption 567-632 nm
conjunctival and corneal application
viewed under white light or red filter (aka green free)
antiviral properties
A

lissamine green

17
Q

What are some indications for lissamine green?

A
  • KCS
  • superior limbis KC
  • herpes simplex/zoster
18
Q

Fluramene is a combination of __________ and ____________.

A

Lissamine green + fluorescein

19
Q

Fluramene indications are:

A

simultaneous corneal and conjunctival staining

20
Q

Name this stain (not used in optometric practices):

  • water soluble
  • absorption 790 nm
  • hepatic clearance, t1/2 2-3mins
A

indocyanine green

21
Q

Which stain for these indications?

  • CO (cardiac output), hepatic angiography
  • iris/retinal/choroidal angiography: CNVM, ILM
  • capsulorrhexis
A

indocyanine green

22
Q

Indocyanine green contraindications:

A
  • iodine or shellfish allergy (same as rose bengal)
  • uremina or heptaology
  • pregnancy or lactation